Loading...
Council Provided Information - 10/18/2022PLANNING DIVISION COMMUNITY & NEIGHBORHOODS Staff Report TO: Salt Lake City Planning Commission FROM: Eric Daems, AICP, Principal Planner DATE: January 8th, 2020 RE: PLNPCM2017-00753- Off-Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading Ordinance Amendment ZONING TEXT AMENDMENT PROPERTY ADDRESS: City-Wide MASTER PLAN: Plan Salt Lake ZONING DISTRICTS: All REQUEST: A request by Mayor Jackie Biskupski to review and modify Zoning Ordinance Chapter 21A.44 Off- Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading. The overall goal of the project is to make the parking chapter more user friendly while still accomplishing related citywide goals related to economic development, sustainability, and land use. The proposed text amendments to the Off-Street Parking Ordinance include: 1.Updated parking requirements to better reflect current market demand in the City based on community feedback and previous parking studies commissioned by the City and RDA; 2.Simplify confusing parking regulations that are difficult for property owners to understand and use significant staff resource to interpret and administer; 3.Address technical issues that have been identified through the day to day administration of the parking chapter; and 4.Establish a framework that allows for a parking ordinance that can be responsive to the changing dynamics of Salt Lake City’s development patterns. RECOMMENDATION: Based on the information in this staff report and the factors to consider for zoning text amendments, Planning Staff recommends that the Planning Commission forward a positive recommendation to the City Council to adopt the proposed zoning ordinance text amendments with the following condition: 1.Ordinance language be amended as necessary to ensure consistency with other code sections and references in the zoning ordinance. ATTACHMENTS: A.Petition Initiation B.Proposed Parking Ordinance Page 1 C.Off-Street Parking Manual D.Parking Context Map E.Analysis of Standards F.Master Plan Compatibility G.Public Process Timeline H.Public Comments I.City Department Comments BACKGROUND: As transportation and land uses change over time, the demand for parking changes. Cities frequently struggle to strike a balance between too much parking and inadequate parking. Parking requirements that are too high can waste land, increase development costs, lead to demolition of structures to meet parking requirements, increase stormwater runoff, compromise water quality, and discourage pedestrian activity. Parking requirements that are too low may lead to increased traffic congestion, difficulty leasing or selling property, and spillover parking onto adjacent residential streets. In June 2017, the Planning Division hired consulting firm Clarion and Associates to perform a comprehensive review and update of Chapter 21A.44 Off-Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading of the zoning ordinance. The provisions of this chapter determine the parking regulations in all areas of the City, but do not include regulations for on-street parking. The process included internal meetings with City divisions most closely involved with the parking chapter and a thorough public engagement plan that is outlined in Attachment G of this report. Following the completion of the work of the consultant, Planning Staff worked to address commentary received, finish the public engagement efforts, and to produce a fully revised parking ordinance. The proposed revisions are primarily located within Chapter 21A.44, but other sections of the zoning code related to parking are also proposed to be amended. Project Scope: This project updates the City’s regulations for off-street parking including: •Minimum and maximum number of parking stalls required/allowed •Permitted alternatives to off-street parking requirements •Parking lot design, access, and dimensional standards Purpose: Implement citywide goals related to economic development, sustainability, and land use including: •Create parking regulations that reflect current market demand in the City •Reinforce Salt Lake City as a place for people, not cars •Eliminate barriers to economic growth and affordable/sustainable housing •Allow for flexibility •Reduce auto dependency – encourage safe and efficient alternatives •Protect neighborhoods •Minimize visual impacts of parking (surface and structured) •Minimize pedestrian conflicts with vehicles •Be environmentally friendly (emissions, water quality, heat island) Page 2 PROPOSED AMENDMENTS: General Comments The following sections introduce the proposed chapter 21A.44 and highlight significant changes. These changes are based on the cumulative feedback of the community and stakeholders, internal staff discussions, feedback from the Planning Commission, objectives identified in Salt Lake City’s various master plans, recommendations from project consultant Clarion & Associates, and industry best practices. The proposed ordinance is included in Attachment B. A version of the proposed ordinance which includes comprehensive footnotes documenting each proposed revision is available upon request from the Salt Lake City Planning department. 21A.44.010: Purpose This section outlines the objectives of the off-street parking chapter. The language has been updated from the previous ordinance to include the stated purpose of: A.Avoiding and mitigating traffic congestion and reducing the financial burden on taxpayer funded roadways; B.Providing necessary access for service and emergency vehicles; C.Providing for safe and convenient interaction between vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians; D.Providing flexible methods of responding to the transportation and access demands of various land uses in different areas of the city; E.Reducing storm water runoff, reducing heat island effect from large expanses of pavement, improving water quality, and minimizing dust pollution; F.Establishing context-sensitive parking standards to reflect the current and future built environment of neighborhoods; and G.Avoiding and mitigating the adverse visual and environmental impacts of large concentrations of exposed parking. 21A.44.020: Applicability This section establishes the thresholds and requirements for when developments are required to comply with the parking regulations. All new development is required to comply. Expansions The current standards require compliance with the parking regulations for any expansions – large or small. A low threshold tends to discourage small expansion projects as the cost to improve and/or expand the parking facilities may outweigh the benefits of expanding the building or use. The proposed expansion threshold would require expansions (and cumulative expansions over a two-year period) that are larger than 25 percent of usable floor area to come into compliance with the parking regulations. Expansions less than 25 percent would not be required to comply with the proposed provisions. Developments would also be required to comply with the addition of one or more dwelling units, and the addition to or expansion of one or more structures that require conditional use permit approval. Change of Use This section proposes significant changes to the applicability thresholds for when a property changes from one type of land use to another. The current zoning code exempts development in the D-1, D-2, and D-3 zoning districts from needing to provide additional parking as a result of a change of use. To allow for broader flexibility and to encourage infill development and redevelopment, this exemption has been expanded to include all developments within the Urban Center Context and Transit Context areas. Page 3 Any change of use outside of the Urban Center Context area or Transit Center Context area that would require an increase in the minimum number of off-street parking spaces by 10 or more spaces or by 25 percent or more spaces, would be required to provide additional parking in compliance with the parking regulations. Older buildings (built prior to 1944) would not require additional parking to be provided for changes in use. This provision is intended to encourage adaptive reuse of older buildings. Exemptions from Parking Requirements This section also introduces changes to which developments are exempt from parking requirements all-together. The current zoning code exempts nonresidential uses in buildings smaller than 1,000 square feet within commercial districts and the D-2 and D-3 zoning districts from having to provide parking. This exemption is now expanded to apply city-wide to all uses on lots (other than single-family or two-family dwellings) created prior to April 12, 1995 that are smaller than 5,000 square feet. This adds another level of flexibility and relief for small property and business owners that would otherwise not be able to use or develop the lot due to parking constraints. Any development that is exempt from providing parking, but that elects to provide parking, will be required to comply with all location and design standards adopted by the City. 21A.44.030: Calculation of Parking This section explains how parking and loading requirements are calculated in the proposed parking chapter as well as identifies which types of parking spaces do not count toward minimum and maximum parking space requirements. This section has been mostly carried forward from the current code, with grammatical and formatting edits. All parking and loading requirements based on square footage are calculated using “usable floor area” as is current practice in Salt Lake City. Usable floor area includes all areas of a building with the exception of areas devoted to mechanical equipment and unfinished storage. The section includes a proposed procedure for how parking and loading requirements are determined for a land use that is not listed in the table of Minimum and Maximum Off-street Parking requirements. The current zoning ordinance assigns a “catch-all” minimum parking requirement of three (3) spaces per 1,000 square feet for “all other uses.” The proposed section retains that minimum and adds a maximum parking allowed requirement of five (5) spaces per 1,000 square feet. Two additional means have also been introduced by which parking requirements can be assigned to an unlisted use. The Planning Director now has the authority to assign a minimum or maximum number of off-street parking spaces required for an unlisted use based on a listed use with similar operating characteristics, occupancy classification or other factors. The Director can also determine the parking and loading requirements for any use based on a parking study submitted by the applicant that demonstrates the anticipated demand for the proposed development. 21A.44.040: Required Off-street Parking Context Areas The current parking ordinance largely treats minimum parking required and maximum parking allowed based solely on the use of the property. Yet, Salt Lake City has a wide variety of development contexts that make any single approach to minimum and maximum parking requirements ineffective. The parking demand for a downtown area served by transit will be lower Page 4 than a downtown adjacent neighborhood or suburban shopping center. To ensure that minimum and maximum parking requirements reflect the built context (and future built context) of the area, the proposed parking ordinance includes four distinct “context areas” with minimum and maximum parking standards tailored to each. The Minimum and Maximum Off-street Parking Table lists the specific zoning districts included in each context area. The following is a brief narrative introducing each context area: General Context: This context includes the City’s zoning districts that tend to be more auto dependent and/or suburban in scale and parking needs. This context applies broadly to all zoning districts that are not specifically listed in the other context areas. Areas that fall into this category are the 300 West commercial corridor, the Redwood Road commercial corridor, and other developments that are in zoning districts not identified in a specific context area in the Minimum and Maximum Off-Street Parking Table. Neighborhood Center: This context includes areas with small- or moderate-scale shopping, gathering, or activity spaces, often within or adjacent to General Context areas, but that are not necessarily well served by transit. This category includes zoning districts with pedestrian-scale development patterns, building forms, and amenities. Areas that fall into this category are the 9th and 9th commercial node, the 15th and 15th commercial node, and other moderate scale commercial and mixed-use developments that are within the zoning districts identified in the Minimum and Maximum Off-Street Parking Table. Image 1: Typical Development Patterns within General Context Image 2: Areas such as 9th and 9th are included as part of the Neighborhood Center Context Page 5 Urban Center: This context includes zoning districts with dense, pedestrian-oriented development within more intensely developed urban centers. The parking demand in this context is higher than in the Transit Center Context, but lower than areas in the Neighborhood Center Context. Areas that fall into this category are the Sugar House Business District, areas adjacent to Downtown, and other developments that are within the zoning districts identified in the Minimum and Maximum Off-Street Parking Table. Transit Context: This context includes those zoning districts that immediately surround mass-transit facilities and/or are in the downtown core. These areas have the lowest parking demand and may be exempt from minimum parking requirements or be required to provide minimal off-street parking. Areas that fall into this category are the Central Business District, Central Ninth, the North Temple/400 South transit corridor, and other developments that are within the zoning districts identified in the Minimum and Maximum Off-Street Parking Table. Image 3: Areas such as Sugar House are included as part of the Urban Center Context Image 4: Areas well serviced by mass-transit are included as part of the Transit Context Page 6 Required Parking Table This section replaces and consolidates the current tables in Section 21A.44.030.G(1): Schedule of Minimum Off-street Parking Requirements; Section 21A.44.030.G(2): Table of District Specific Minimum Off-street Parking Requirements; and Section 21A44.030.H(2): Table of District Specific Maximum Parking Allowance. This table includes all of the use types listed in current Section 21A.33: Land Use Tables, making it clear how much parking is required for each land use allowed in the City. To make the table more user-friendly, similar use types have been grouped into categories and subcategories. All land uses have been included in the table. The inclusion of a land use within the parking table does not authorize the use within a zone or context. Section 21A.33 will still be used to authorize land uses within a zoning district. Parking Minimums All minimum parking standards have been reviewed against those used in other large but relatively low-density cities, and numerous changes have been made. In many cases the minimum requirements have been reduced or eliminated altogether (Transit/Urban Center contexts), but in a few cases (notably retail and restaurant uses) the exceptionally low standards in the current ordinance have been increased in order to reduce overflow parking in neighborhoods. The concerns of “spill-over” parking within neighborhoods was a major concern brought to light by the public and within the neighborhood master plans. Parking Maximums In effort to limit excess parking on a lot, the current parking chapter limits the amount of parking that can be provide on a property to 125% of the minimum parking amount. The current 125 percent maximum parking standard has been replaced with tailored maximums, by context, and targeted at the limited number of land uses where excessive parking significantly undermines planning goals aimed at walkability and urbanism. Land uses that are not typically associated with over-parking, such as day cares, parks, warehouses, and several industrial uses, do not have maximum parking requirements in the revised chapter. The maximum parking standards column in the table of Minimum and Maximum Off-Street Parking clarifies whether the maximum standard applies to only one context area, a combination of context areas, or to all context areas. Parking provided in structures such as parking garages is proposed to include maximum parking allowed. Well located and planned parking garages can provide shared parking solutions for multiple properties. The placement and design of parking garages is already governed by the parking chapter and design standards of the zoning code. The intent of this provision is to encourage and facilitate parking solutions that serve multiple properties. Discussions with Downtown Alliance also revealed that national employers may insist on certain parking counts being provided for their employees. In this sense, parking garages can be a tool to incentivize employers to relocate downtown. Electric Vehicle Parking These standards were carried forward with minor grammatical and formatting edits. No substantive changes are proposed. Although not included as part of the proposed ordinance, Planning Staff worked closely with Salt Lake City’s Sustainability department on new language and standards for Electric Vehicle Readiness. The intent will be to propose requirements that multi-family developments provide a certain percentage of Electric Vehicle Ready parking stalls at the time of development. The language should be anticipated as part of a future ordinance revision and could be included in the design section of the parking ordinance. Page 7 Accessible Parking These standards were carried forward and simplified with minor grammatical and formatting edits. A proposed standard clarifies that parking areas with four (4) or fewer vehicle parking spaces are not required to identify an accessible space with signs or striping, but that a minimum of one (1) space needs to comply with ADA standard dimensions. The table of Accessible Parking Required was simplified. Bicycle Parking This section has been thoroughly revised as existing standards were not meeting the goals and objectives listed in the various City master plans. The existing bicycle parking standards are based on a percentage of vehicle parking provided. This meant that the less parking a development provided, whether through reductions or otherwise, the less bicycle parking that was required to be provided. That logic does not match the City’s goals to be more bikeable and less dependent on automobiles. The proposed standards are based on use and are categorized by context. They have been compared with cities of similar size and dynamic. When a development provides secure/enclosed bicycle parking, the requirement is reduced by half. 21A.44.050: Alternatives to Minimum and Maximum Parking Calculations To increase flexibility, this section is proposed to include new tools allowing by-right adjustments to parking requirements as well as authorizing the Planning Director to modify parking requirements based on an approved parking study. The adjustments allowed under this section can be used in any combination to reduce the minimum number of required parking spaces identified in the Minimum and Maximum Off-street Parking table by up to 40 percent. Certain alternatives are proposed to be removed from the current ordinance based on community feedback and internal observation. It was found that certain provisions were not reducing overall parking demand and that the burden was shifting from developers to neighboring properties, including along the public right-of-way. For example, the provision to allow on-street parking proved hard to administer and created a sense of ownership or entitlement to parking that should have been public. Removing the standard would allow for future flexibility within the public right- of-way. Those alternatives that are proposed to be eliminated include: credit for on-street parking, pedestrian friendly amenities, off-site parking (as a reduction tool), and use of excess parking in a park and ride lot. Many of the items currently listed as Transportation Demand Management (TDM) strategies are now included in other sections of the proposed parking chapter and are not listed in this section. Shared Parking These standards explain how much parking is required when two (2) or more uses share a parking area. A new system for calculating parking reductions is introduced that establishes reduction factors based on the land uses rather than the hours of operation (which is difficult to enforce and administer). The current maximum distance allowed for shared parking areas of 500 feet has been increased between 600-1,200 feet, based on parking context and to reflect national trends and Salt Lake City’s large block sizes. This proposed approach allows mixed-use development the opportunity to reduce the minimum number of required parking spaces to better reflect the parking demands of a mixed-use development. For reference, example calculations have been provided in the text to help users navigate the proposed methods for determining parking requirements. Standards for required documentation for shared parking facilities are introduced and are intended to simplify administration and avoid continued monitoring of cooperation agreements over time. Page 8 Proximity to Fixed-Rail Transit This standard is proposed to allow all multi-family or commercial properties (not just new development) within one-quarter (1/4) mile of a fixed transit station to reduce the number of minimum required parking spaces by 25 percent (down from 50%). The measurement technique is changed from “based on walking distance” to “measured radially in a straight line.” The reduction is available for all contexts except Transit, as the minimums in that context are already based on their proximity to transit. Affordable and Senior Housing These standards would allow for a reduction to the number of minimum parking spaces required if the development provides income restricted and/or age restricted units. The current reduction of 50 percent has been decreased to 25 percent to reflect the already reduced parking requirements and tailored minimums in the Minimum and Maximum Off-street Parking table. Eligibility requirements and thresholds are also clarified. New to this chapter is that qualifying affordable or senior housing projects could reduce their parking by an additional 15 percent when they are located within one-quarter mile of a bus stop that is serviced by a high-frequency bus route. Car Pool and Carshare Parking These proposed standards would allow developments with 100 or more parking spaces to count every dedicated van pool space towards seven of the minimum parking spaces required, and every car pool space to count towards three of the minimum parking spaces required. Working with the City Sustainability department, the section is proposed to include a provision to allow for parking lots of any size to count four spaces towards each designated carshare vehicle space. Valet Parking Services These provisions would allow for parking stalls be replaced on a one-to-one basis for each valet stall provided. The section clarifies qualifying standards but is largely carried over from the current code. Parking Study Demonstrating Different Parking Needs This standard is proposed to allow an applicant to submit a parking study to the Planning Director justifying adjustments to the minimum or maximum required parking standards. This provides a “relief valve” for unique projects that justify alternative parking requirements. 21A.44.060: Parking and Loading Location and Design The current parking and loading location and design standards are found throughout chapter 21A.44 and other parts of the zoning ordinance. This section proposes to consolidate those standards and update them to reflect the proposed context area approach. Notably, the table for parking setbacks has been reorganized into parking contexts and relocated to this section. Specific design standards for the D-1, D-3, D-4, G-MU, TSA, and parking garages have been relocated to this chapter with minor grammatical modifications. The provisions for recreational vehicle parking have been clarified and are located at the end of this section. Some standards were simplified and/or removed because they were no longer necessary as a result of other edits within the parking chapter. Technical standards were largely moved to the proposed Parking Standards Manual. 21A.44.070: Off-street Loading Areas This section includes the proposed standards for how many off-street loading areas are required for developments. These standards were revised to reflect current trends toward more frequent Page 9 deliveries by smaller trucks that do not require large spaces to load or unload without blocking traffic or parking areas. The standards were also clarified to include mixed-use buildings. 21A.44.080: Drive-Through Facilities and Vehicle Stacking Areas This section includes the standards regulating drive-through facilities and vehicle stacking areas. Standards were largely carried over from the existing code, however drive-through stacking spaces were organized by parking context. As part of this revision, redundant provisions for drive- through facilities found in chapter 21.A.40.060 have been proposed to be eliminated. 21A.44.090: Modifications to Parking Areas Administrative Adjustments This tool is largely carried over from the existing ordinance and would grant the Planning or Transportation Director the authority to make minor modifications to the standards in the parking chapter based on certain criteria. Examples include modifications to dimensions or geometries of parking, loading, or maneuvering areas. Special Exceptions The revised ordinance would eliminate the parking “catch-all” exception (#7), currently found in the Special Exceptions chapter 21A.52, as more specific standards have been incorporated into the provisions throughout. The two special exceptions that would continue to be authorized are for front yard parking and surfacing materials for vehicle and equipment storage. 21A.44.100: Use and Maintenance This section proposes standards for how parking areas can be used as well as the maintenance requirements. These standards were largely carried forward as-is with minimal edits. 21A.44.110: Nonconforming Parking and Loading Facilities This section includes the proposed standards addressing nonconforming parking and loading facilities. Chapter 21A.38: Nonconforming Uses and Noncomplying Structures, lays the foundation for how nonconformities are addressed in the zoning ordinance; however, there is some overlap with the standards provided in chapter 21A.44 specific to parking and loading facilities. The current 21A.38.070.B is proposed to be deleted as this content is now addressed in the proposed parking chapter. The ordinance includes proposed tools that will provide a level of flexibility that should address any concerns related to the reconstruction of parking and loading areas on challenging sites. It also introduces a standard that allows a site made nonconforming as a result of an acquisition of property by eminent domain for a right-of-way to be deemed lawful and conforming. This provides an outlet for a site that is made non-conforming when land area or setbacks are reduced by circumstances outside of their control. Parking Standards Manual City staff has elected to create a new Parking Standards Manual (Attachment C) in conjunction with this effort to relocate technical/engineering material from chapter 21A.44 into a technical design manual. This approach would simplify the zoning ordinance and remove details from the code that are of little/no interest to the general public. Including design and engineering minutia in the zoning code makes it more difficult for citizens to navigate and find what they are looking for. This approach would also allow the City to update minor technical/engineering standards without going through the zoning ordinance amendment procedure. It is important for the City to continue updating its technical standards as research and best practices emerge. Page 10 Grammar and Minor Corrections The proposed ordinance includes updated grammar and formatting throughout. Spelling errors, typos, or grammatical errors from the current regulations have been corrected. Definitions The revised chapter includes proposed parking-related definitions that were not previously included in chapter 21A.62: Definitions. KEY CONSIDERATIONS: The following key considerations have been identified for the Planning Commission’s review and potential discussion. 1.Align with the goals of Plan Salt Lake and the various neighborhood master plans 2.Encourage infill development and redevelopment 3.Simplify to be more user-friendly and easier to implement 4.Modernize to reflect best practices and current market trends for parking 5.Reconsider the current “one-size fits all” approach in favor of “context based” parking 6.Required parking minimums for multi-family developments in General Context 7.Parking Reductions for Developments Adjacent to High-Frequency Bus Stops Consideration 1: Align with the goals of Plan Salt Lake and the various neighborhood master plans The various City master plans contain the collective goals and objectives of Salt Lake City. Many of these goals and adopted policies relate to how the City grows and how to provide balanced transportation networks that reduce automobile dependency while supporting economic growth and affordability. Goals of the City also focus on neighborhood vitality, providing transportation choices, and enhancing the public realm through design, architecture, and development that is context sensitive. Throughout the revision process, Staff sought to implement as many objectives within the master plans as possible. A comprehensive analysis of those standards and the proposed changes can be found in Attachment F of this report. Consideration 2: Encourage infill development and redevelopment Infill development and the redevelopment of under-utilized properties are important components for economic growth within an established community like Salt Lake City. The proposed ordinance encourages these types of developments by: •Establishing context-based parking standards that are responsive to the unique characteristics of Salt Lake City’s neighborhoods and development patterns •Providing alternative methods to modify minimum and maximum parking •Allowing parking reductions for affordable/senior housing •Relaxing parking requirements for change or expansion of use Image 5: Master Plans such as Plan Salt Lake helped frame the proposed ordinance Page 11 Consideration 3: Simplify to be more user-friendly and easier to implement Improved ordinance usability was a focus of the revised parking chapter. The goal was to create a chapter that was clear for the public and developers to use but was also simpler to administer for City Staff. The proposed ordinance has been modified to include: • Improved ordinance usability through the use of tables and the consolidation of parking standards that were previously scattered throughout the code • New parking requirement tables with uses organized by category and context • Simplified processes for adjustments to minor technical matters • Clarified layout and language throughout Consideration 4: Modernize to reflect best practices and current market trends for parking The current parking ordinance for Salt Lake City has not evolved with modern planning practices. Many of the parking count figures are based on outdated models and have not considered the built context or alternative options to traditional parking. The proposed ordinance seeks to implement the latest planning practices and allow for more flexibility based on current market demands for parking. Specifically, the proposed ordinance includes: • Tailored standards based on four parking contexts • Market driven minimum and maximums, particularly where mass transit is available • Adjusted standards for drive-through & loading areas based on best practices • Revised method of calculating bicycle parking standards to match development activity • New options for car/van-pool, car share, and shared parking • Lowered overall required parking in effort to reduce surface area heat gain and water contamination from parking lots and to encourage alternative means of transportation to lower emissions Consideration 5: Reconsider the current “one-size fits all” approach in favor of “context based” parking The existing ordinance contains parking minimums and maximums that are largely based only on a proposed land use. In some cases, there were some minor modifications based on the underlying zoning designation, but it was still largely a one-size fits all approach. The idea of standards that were adaptive to their setting or context was a key consideration presented throughout the various master plans of the City and was a common theme throughout the public engagement process. To this end, the revised parking ordinance has been organized to include four parking contexts: Transit Center, Urban Center, Neighborhood Center, and General. These contexts will help the parking standards to be more responsive to the unique circumstances of the various neighborhoods within Salt Lake City. The proposed ordinance also establishes a frame work that would allow for additional parking contexts in the future if needed. Page 12 Consideration 6: Required parking minimums for multi-family developments in General Context Throughout the public engagement process, the minimum parking requirements for multi-family uses was listed at 2 stalls per dwelling unit, regardless of bedroom type. The public was generally supportive of this standard in each of the engagement events held. However, during the work sessions with the Planning Commission, most felt that this number was too high. Staff has now proposed 1 stall per unit for studio and 1-bedroom apartments and 1.25 stalls per unit for units with more than 1 bedroom. Staff felt this would provide some additional parking for residents that have more than 1 vehicle or for guest parking. Furthermore, these would only be the minimums. A development may choose to include surface parking for up to 2 spaces per dwelling unit for studio ad 1-bedroom units, or 3 stalls per unit for larger apartments. Typical multi-family developments in the general context are averaging about 1.6 stalls per unit. The proposed standards would still allow for that amount of parking to be provided but would not dictate that it had to be installed if the market demand was for less. Consideration 7: Parking Reductions for Developments Adjacent to High-Frequency Bus Stops This particular consideration has produced a split opinion throughout the revision process. Most residents felt that parking reductions should not be granted alone for proximity to high-frequency bus stops. The reasons cited included that they felt the stops lacked permanency and they feared the service was not reliable enough to be counted on for users other than commuters. This was discussed considerably in the work-sessions with the Planning Commission. Some commissioners agreed with public sentiment, while others felt it would be a lost opportunity considering the amount of investment Salt Lake City has made in these routes, particularly when the other goals of the City, such as improved air quality and providing affordable housing, are considered. Image 6: Proposed parking for Multi-family in General Context Page 13 Given these viewpoints, Staff has recommended to tie the reduction specifically to the goal for more affordable housing by allowing for an additional parking reduction of up to 15% for qualifying affordable housing developments located within one-quarter mile of a bus stop that is serviced by high- frequency routes (proposed 21A.44.050.D). Currently, this would include routes 2,9,21, and 200 (see map and chart below). As additional routes improve frequency, including for nights and weekends, they would also qualify for this provision. Bus Service Frequency Rte. Street Weekday Sat. Sun. After 7PM 2 200 S 15 min 15 min 30 min 30 min 9 900 S 15 min 15 min 30 min 30 min 21 21st S 15 min 15 min 30 min 30 min 200 State St. North 15 min 15 min 30 min 30 wk/60 Sat 205 500 E 15 min 30 min 60 min 60 min 209 900 E 15 min 30 min 60 min 60 min 217 Redwood Rd. 15 min 30 min 60 min 60 min 220 Highland/1300 E 15 min 30 min 60 min 30 wk./60 Sat Images 7 (map) & 8 (table): Existing and proposed high-frequency bus routes Page 14 NEXT STEPS: The City Council has the final authority to make changes to the text of the Zoning Ordinance. The recommendation of the Planning Commission for this petition will be forwarded to the City Council for their review and decision. Page 15 ATTACHMENT A: PETITION INITIATION Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 ATTACHMENT B: PROPOSED PARKING ORDINANCE The proposed ordinance revision is largely comprised of a re-written chapter 21A.44- Off-Street Parking, Loading, and Mobility. However, the following related sections of code are also proposed to be altered: • Parking design elements from the D-1, D-3, D-4, G-MU, and TSA zoning chapters have been relocated to the proposed parking chapter with minor grammatical or other errors corrected • Special Exception #7 (21A.52) is proposed to be eliminated • Parking garage design standards (21A.37.050.M) has been relocated to the proposed parking chapter with minor grammatical or other errors corrected • Some of the drive-through standards found in 21A.40.060 have been relocated to the proposed parking chapter and redundancies have been eliminated Page 19 Chapter 21A.44: Off Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading December 2019 (Document format provided for convenience of Planning Commission. Adopted format will be consistent with standard ordinance formatting) Page 20 Table of Contents Off Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading ............................. 1 21A.44.010 Purpose ...................................................................................................................... 1 21A.44.020 Applicability .............................................................................................................. 1 A. Amounts of Parking, Loading, and Drive-Through Facilities Required ............................................................................. 1 B. Location and Design ............................................................................................................................................................................... 2 21A.44.030 Calculation of Parking .............................................................................................. 2 A. Generally ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 B. Unlisted Uses .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 21A.44.040 Required Off Street Parking .................................................................................... 3 A. Minimum and Maximum Parking Spaces Required .................................................................................................................. 3 B. Electric Vehicle Parking ....................................................................................................................................................................... 18 C. Accessible Parking ................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 D. Bicycle Parking ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 21A.44.050 Alternatives to Minimum and Maximum Parking Calculations ......................... 20 A. Limitations on Adjustments to Minimum Required Parking ............................................................................................... 20 B. Shared Parking ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 C. Proximity to Fixed-Rail Transit ......................................................................................................................................................... 22 D. Affordable and Senior Housing (Multi-family Structures) ................................................................................................... 22 E. Car Pool and Carshare Parking ........................................................................................................................................................ 22 F. Valet Parking Services ......................................................................................................................................................................... 23 G. Parking Study Demonstrating Different Parking Needs ....................................................................................................... 23 21A.44.060 Parking Location and Design ................................................................................. 24 A. Generally ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 B. Zone Specific Location and Design Standards.......................................................................................................................... 31 C. Recreational Vehicle Parking ............................................................................................................................................................ 33 21A.44.070 Off Street Loading Areas ........................................................................................ 34 A. Number and Size of Loading Areas Required ........................................................................................................................... 34 B. Location and Design of Loading Areas ........................................................................................................................................ 34 21A.44.080 Drive-Through Facilities and Vehicle Stacking Areas .......................................... 35 A. Number of Stacking Spaces Required .......................................................................................................................................... 35 B. Location and Design of Drive-Through Facilities ..................................................................................................................... 35 21A.44.090 Modifications to Parking Areas ............................................................................. 36 A. Administrative Modifications ........................................................................................................................................................... 36 B. Special Exceptions ................................................................................................................................................................................. 36 21A.44.100 Use and Maintenance ............................................................................................. 37 A. Use of Parking Areas ............................................................................................................................................................................ 37 B. Maintenance ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 38 21A.44.110 Nonconforming Parking and Loading Facilities .................................................. 38 A. Continuation of Nonconforming Parking and Loading Facilities ..................................................................................... 38 B. Nonconformity Due to Governmental Acquisition ................................................................................................................. 38 C. Damage or Destruction ...................................................................................................................................................................... 38 D. Legalization of Garages Converted to Residential Use ......................................................................................................... 38 Definitions 1 Page 21 Off Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading 21A.44.010 Purpose This chapter is intended to require that new development and redevelopment projects provide off street parking and loading facilities in proportion to the parking, loading, and transportation demands of the buildings and land uses included in those projects. This chapter is also intended to help protect the public health, safety, and general welfare by: A. Avoiding and mitigating traffic congestion and reducing the financial burden on taxpayer funded roadways; B. Providing necessary access for service and emergency vehicles; C. Providing for safe and convenient interaction between vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians; D. Providing flexible methods of responding to the transportation and access demands of various land uses in different areas of the city; E. Reducing storm water runoff, reducing heat island effect from large expanses of pavement, improving water quality, and minimizing dust pollution; F. Establishing context-sensitive parking standards to reflect the current and future built environment of neighborhoods; and G. Avoiding and mitigating the adverse visual and environmental impacts of large concentrations of exposed parking. 21A.44.020 Applicability A. Amounts of Parking, Loading, and Drive-Through Facilities Required The standards of this chapter are intended to establish: minimum and maximum amounts of vehicle parking; minimum required bicycle parking, minimum required loading facilities, and minimum capacity of drive-through facilities and shall apply to projects involving the activities listed below. In some instances, other standards of this chapter provide alternatives for required compliance. Certain exemptions are intended to encourage utilization of existing structures and preserve desirable characteristics of locations built prior to parking requirements. 1. New Development Unless otherwise exempted by Section 21A.44.020A.4, the standards in this chapter shall apply to all development and land uses upon adoption of this ordinance. 2. Expansion of Use or Structure The number of off street parking and loading spaces for the expansion of a use or structure shall comply with the requirements of Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking and the standards of this chapter when: a. One or more additional dwelling units is created; or b. The addition to or expansion of one or more structures or uses that, when considered together with any other expansions during the previous two-year period, would increase the total usable floor area of the structure(s) by more than twenty-five percent (25%); or Page 22 c. The addition to or expansion of one (1) or more structures or uses that requires conditional use permit approval. 3. Change of Use a. Except when located within an Urban Center or Transit Context, or as stated in subsection b below, off street parking shall be provided pursuant to this chapter for any change of use that increases the minimum number of required vehicle parking spaces by: (1) More than ten (10) parking spaces; or (2) More than twenty-five percent (25%) of the parking spaces that currently exist on-site or on permitted off-site locations. b. For changes in use in buildings built prior to 1944, no additional parking shall be required beyond what is existing. 4. Exemptions from Parking Requirements The following shall be exempt from providing the minimum parking required by Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking, but shall comply with maximum parking allowed and location and design standards in Section 21A.44.060 if parking is provided: a. Lots created prior to April 12,1995 that are less than five thousand (5,000) square feet in lot area, except those being used for single-family, two-family, and twin home dwelling uses; b. Expansions or enlargements that increase the square footage of usable floor area of an existing structure or parking requirements for the use by twenty-five percent (25%) or less, provided that existing off street parking and loading areas are not removed. B. Location and Design Section 21A.44.060: Parking Location and Design, shall apply to all vehicle parking, bicycle parking, loading, and drive-through facilities, regardless of whether the project is subject to the requirements for additional parking spaces or other facilities pursuant to Section 21A.44.020A above. Parking garages are subject to design standards found in 21A.44.060.A.16 and specific requirements of other zoning districts found in 21A.44.060.B. 21A.44.030 Calculation of Parking A. Generally 1. All parking and loading requirements that are based on square footage shall be calculated on the basis of usable floor area of the subject use, unless otherwise specified in Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking. 2. Parking spaces shall not be counted more than once for required off-site, shared, and/or alternative parking plans, except where the development complies with off-site, shared, and/or alternative parking standards. 3. Parking spaces designed or designated exclusively for motorcycles, scooters, and other two wheeled vehicles shall not count toward the number of minimum required or maximum allowed off street parking spaces. Page 23 4.Parking spaces intended for storage of business vehicles, such as fleet vehicles, delivery vehicles, or vehicles on display associated with sales or rental shall not count toward the number of minimum required or maximum allowed off street parking spaces unless otherwise stated in Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking. 5.Parking spaces designed or designated exclusively for recreational vehicles shall not count toward the number of minimum required or maximum allowed off street parking spaces. 6.When calculations of the number of required off street parking spaces for vehicles or bicycles result in a fractional number, any fraction of 0.5 or larger shall be rounded up to the next higher whole number. Calculations for more than one use in a project shall be calculated for each individual use and may be rounded individually and added, or added then rounded as determined by the applicant. 7.Lots containing more than one (1) use may provide parking and loading based on the shared parking calculations in section 21A.44.050BB: Shared Parking. B.Unlisted Uses For uses not listed in Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking the Planning Director is authorized to do any of the following: 1.Apply the minimum or maximum off street parking space requirement specified in Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking, for the listed use that is deemed most similar to the proposed use as determined by the Planning Director based on operating characteristics, the most similar related occupancy classification, or other factors related to potential parking demand determined by the Director. 2.Apply a minimum parking requirement of three (3) spaces per one thousand (1,000) square feet of usable floor area for the use and a maximum parking allowance of five (5) spaces per one thousand (1,000) square feet of useable floor area for the use. 3.Establish the minimum off street parking space and loading requirements based on a parking study prepared by the applicant according to Section 21A.44.050F. 21A.44.040 Required Off Street Parking A.Minimum and Maximum Parking Spaces Required 1.Unless otherwise provided in this Code, each development or land use subject to this chapter pursuant to Section 21A.44.020 shall provide at least the minimum number, and shall not provide more than the maximum number, of off street parking spaces required by Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking. 2.A parking standard shown in Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking, is not an indication of whether the use is allowed or prohibited in the respective zoning district or context area. See Chapter 21A.33: Land Use Tables for allowed and prohibited uses. 3.The maximum parking limit does not apply to parking provided in parking garages, stacked or racked parking structures, or to off-site parking that complies with all other requirements of this title. 4.The maximum parking limit does not apply to properties in the M-1, M-2, BP, or Airport zoning districts that are located west of the centerline of Redwood Road. Page 24 5. If a conditional use is approved by the Planning Commission in accordance with Chapter 21A.54: Conditional Uses, and the conditional use approval states a different parking requirement than that required by this Chapter 21A.44, and is determined necessary to mitigate a detrimental impact, then the parking requirement in the conditional use approval shall apply. 6. All uses with vehicle stacking and/or drive-through facilities shall comply with Section 21A.44.080: Drive-Through Facilities and Vehicle Stacking Areas, in addition to the requirements of Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking. 7. All uses with outdoor sales, display, leasing, and/or auction areas shall also provide one-half (1/2) parking space and no more than two (2) parking spaces per one thousand (1,000) sq. ft. of outdoor sales, display, leasing, and/or auction area. This additional parking shall not count toward the maximum allowed per Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking, when a maximum is specified. Context Approach Salt Lake City has a wide variety of development contexts that make any single approach to minimum and maximum parking requirements ineffective. The parking demand for a downtown area served by transit will be much lower than a downtown adjacent neighborhood or suburban shopping center. To ensure that minimum and maximum parking requirements reflect the built context (and future built context) of the area, we created four distinct “context areas”, and then tailored minimum and maximum parking standards to each. The Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking Table below lists the specific zoning districts included in each context area. The following is a brief narrative introducing each context area: 1. General Context: This category includes the City’s zoning districts that tend to be more auto-dependent and/or suburban in scale and parking needs. This context applies broadly to all of the zoning districts that are not specifically listed in the other context areas. 2. Neighborhood Center: This category includes areas with small- or moderate-scale shopping, gathering, or activity spaces, often within or adjacent to General Context areas, but that are not necessarily well served by transit. This category includes zoning districts with pedestrian-scale development patterns, building forms, and amenities. 3. Urban Center: This category includes zoning districts with dense, pedestrian-oriented development within more intensely developed urban centers. The parking demand in this context is higher than in the Neighborhood Center Context, but lower than areas with good transit service. 4. Transit Context: This category includes those zoning districts that immediately surround mass-transit facilities and/or are in the downtown core. These areas have the lowest parking demand and may be exempt from minimum parking requirements or be required to provide minimal off street parking. Page 25 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Residential Uses Household Living Artists' loft/studio 1.5 spaces per DU 1 space per DU 0.5 spaces per DU No Minimum No Maximum Manufactured home 2 spaces per DU 1 space per DU No Minimum All Contexts: 4 spaces, not including recreational vehicle parking spaces Mobile home Single-family (attached) Single-family (detached) Single-family cottage development building form 1 space per DU Twin home 2 spaces per DU Two-family Multi-family Studio and 1 bedrooms: 1 space per DU, 2+ bedrooms 1.25 space per DU Studio and 1+ bedrooms: 1 space per DU Studio: No Minimum 1 bedroom: 0.5 space per DU 2+ bedrooms: 1 space per DU No Minimum All Contexts: Studio & 1 Bedroom: 2 spaces per DU 2+ bedrooms: 3 spaces per DU Group Living Assisted living facility 1 space for each 6 infirmary or nursing home beds; plus 1 space for each 4 rooming units; plus 1 space for each 3 DU See Table Note A 1 space for each 8 infirmary or nursing home beds; plus 1 space for each 6 rooming units; plus 1 space for each 4 DU See Table Note A No Minimum No Maximum Nursing care facility Eleemosynary facility 1 space per 4 persons design capacity; See Table Note A 1 space per 6 persons design capacity; See Table Note A 1 space per 4 persons design capacity; See Table Note A No Minimum All Contexts: 1 space per 3 persons design capacity; See Table Note A Group home Residential support Dormitory, fraternity, sorority 1 space per 2 persons design capacity 1 space per 3 persons design capacity 1 space per 4 persons design capacity No Minimum All Contexts: 1 space per 1 persons design capacity Page 26 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Rooming (boarding) house 1 space per 2 guest rooms 1 space per 3 guest rooms 1 space per 4 guest rooms No Minimum No Maximum Single room occupancy 0.5 spaces per unit 0.25 spaces per unit No Minimum No Maximum Public, Institutional, and Civic Uses Community and Cultural Facilities Art gallery 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. 0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum All Contexts: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Studio, Art Exhibition hall Museum Crematorium 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum No Maximum Daycare center, adult Daycare center, child Homeless resource center Library Community correctional facility, 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 2.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Community recreation center Jail Government facility 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area 1 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area No Minimum No Maximum Social service mission and charity dining hall Municipal service use, including city utility use and police and fire station 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area, plus 1 space per service vehicle 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area, plus 1 space per service vehicle No Minimum No Maximum Club/lodge 1 space per 6 seats in main assembly area 1 space per 8 seats in main assembly area 1 space per 10 seats in main assembly area No Minimum All Contexts: 1 space per 4 seats in main assembly area Meeting hall of membership organization Convent/monastery 1 space per 4 persons design capacity 1 space per 6 persons design capacity 1 space per 8 persons design capacity No Minimum No Maximum Page 27 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Funeral home 1 space per 4 seats in main assembly area 1 space per 5 seats in main assembly area 1 space per 6 seats in main assembly area No Minimum Urban Center and Transit Center Context: 2 spaces per 4 seats in main assembly areas Neighborhood Center and General Context: No maximum Place of worship 1 space per 6 seats or 1 space per 300 sq. ft., whichever is less 1 space per 8 seats or 1 space per 400 sq. ft., whichever is less 1 space per 10 seats or 1 space per 500 sq. ft., whichever is less No Minimum All Contexts: 1 space per 3.5 seats or 1 space per 200 sq. ft., whichever is greater Fairground See Table Note B No Maximum Philanthropic use See Table Note B All Contexts: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office, plus 1 space per 6 seats in assembly areas Zoological park See Table Note B No Maximum Ambulance service Cemetery No Minimum Plazas Park Open space Educational Facilities College and university 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. office, research, and library area, plus 1 space per 6 seats in assembly areas 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. office, research, and library area, plus 1 space per 10 seats in assembly areas No Minimum All Contexts: 4 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. K - 12 private Elementary or Middle: 1 space per 20 students design capacity High Schools: 1 space per 8 students design capacity K - 12 public Dance/music studio 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 2.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. Music conservatory Professional and vocational Page 28 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Professional and vocational (with outdoor activities) Seminary and religious institute Healthcare Facilities Clinic (medical, dental) 4 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum All Contexts: 6 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft Blood donation center 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. Transit and Urban Center Context: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft Neighborhood Center and General Context: 6 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Hospital 1 space per 3 patient beds design capacity 1 space per 2 patient beds design capacity All Contexts: 1 space per 2 patient beds design capacity Hospital, including accessory lodging facility Commercial Uses Agricultural and Animal Uses Greenhouse 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum Transit and Urban Center Context: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft Neighborhood Center and General Context: No Maximum Kennel Pound Veterinary office Cremation service, animal 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. Kennel on lots of 5 acres or larger Poultry farm or processing plant Raising of furbearing animals Slaughterhouse Agricultural use No Minimum Community garden Farmer's market Grain elevator Pet cemetery Page 29 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Stable Stockyard Urban farm Botanical garden See Table Note B Recreation and Entertainment Auditorium 1 space per 4 seats in assembly areas 1 space per 6 seats in assembly areas 1 space per 8 seats in assembly areas No Minimum All Contexts: 1 space per 3 seats in assembly areas Theater, live performance Theater, movie Amphitheater See Table Note B Athletic Field Stadium Tennis court (principal use) 2 spaces per court No Minimum Transit and Urban Center Context: 2 spaces per court or lane Neighborhood Center and General Context: No Maximum Bowling 2 spaces per lane Convention center 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum All Contexts: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Swimming pool, skating rink or natatorium Health and fitness facility 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. All Contexts: 4 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Performing arts production facility Reception center Recreation (indoor) 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Recreational vehicle park (minimum 1 acre) 1 space per designated camping or RV spot No Maximum Amusement park See Table Note B Recreation (outdoor) See Table Note B Food and Beverage Services Brewpub Indoor tasting/seating area: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.; Outdoor tasting/seating area: Indoor tasting/seating No Minimum Transit and Urban Center Context: 5 spaces per 1,000 Page 30 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Restaurant 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. area: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft.; Outdoor tasting/seating area: 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. sq. ft indoor tasting/seating area Neighborhood Center and General Context: 7 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. indoor tasting/seating area All Contexts: Outdoor tasting/ seating area: 4 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Tavern Social club 1 space per 6 seats in main assembly area, or 1 space per 300 sq. ft., whichever is less 1 space per 8 seats in main assembly area, or 1 space per 400 sq. ft., whichever is less 1 space per 10 seats in main assembly area, or 1 space per 500 sq. ft., whichever is less No Minimum All Contexts: 1 space per 4 seats in main assembly area, or 1 space per 200 sq. ft., whichever is greater Office, Business, and Professional Services Check cashing/payday loan business 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum General Context: 4 spaces per 1,000 Neighborhood Center Context: 3 spaces per 1,000 Urban Center and Transit Center Contexts: 2 spaces per 1,000 Dental laboratory/ research facility Financial institution Research and laboratory facilities Office (excluding medical and dental clinic and office) 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Retail Sales & Services Photo finishing lab No Minimum 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum Transit and Urban Center Contexts: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Electronic repair shop Furniture repair shop Upholstery shop Page 31 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Radio, television station 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. Neighborhood Center and General Context: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Store, Convenience 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum Transit and Urban Center Contexts: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Neighborhood Center: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. General Context: 5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Auction, Indoor 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. Transit Context: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Urban Center and Neighborhood Center Context: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. General Context: 4 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Store, Department Fashion oriented development Flea market (indoor) Flea market (outdoor) Store, Mass merchandising Store, Pawn shop Store, Specialty Retail goods establishment Retail service establishment Store, Superstore and hypermarket Store, Warehouse club Page 32 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Retail shopping center over 55,000 sq. ft. usable floor area Up to 100,000 sq. ft. : 2. spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. . Above 100,000 sq. ft. : sq. ft. 1.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Up to 100,000 sq. ft. : 1.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. . Above 100,000 sq. ft. : 1.25 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Transit and Urban Center Contexts: up to 100,000 sq. ft.: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft., above 100,000 sq. ft.: 1.75 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Neighborhood Center and General Context: Up to 100,000 sq. ft.: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft., above 100,000 sq. ft.: 2.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Plant and garden shop with outdoor retail sales area 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. Transit and Urban Center Contexts: 1.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Neighborhood Center: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. General Context: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Lodging Facilities Bed and breakfast 1 space per guest bedroom 0.5 spaces per guest bedroom No Minimum All Contexts: 1.25 spaces per guest bedroom Hotel/motel All Contexts: 1.5 spaces per guest bedroom Vehicles and Equipment Vehicle Auction 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area plus 1 space per service bay 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area plus 1 space per service bay No Minimum No Maximum Automobile part sales No Minimum All Contexts: Page 33 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Automobile and truck repair sales/rental and service 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of indoor sales/leasing/office area plus 1 space per service bay 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. of indoor sales/leasing/ office area plus 1 space per service bay 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of indoor sales/leasing/ office area, plus 1 space per service bay Boat/recreational vehicle sales and service (indoor) Equipment rental (indoor and/or outdoor) Equipment, heavy (rental, sales, service) Manufactured/mobile home sales and service Recreational vehicle (RV) sales and service Truck repair sales and rental (large) Car wash No Minimum Transit and Urban Center Contexts: 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. Neighborhood Center: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. General Context: 5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Car wash as accessory use to gas station or convenience store that sells gas Gas station 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum General Context: 5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Neighborhood Center Context: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Urban Center Context: 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. Bus line yard and repair facility 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. , plus 1 space per commercial fleet vehicle No Minimum No Maximum Impound lot Limousine service Taxicab facility Page 34 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Tire distribution retail/wholesale Adult Entertainment Establishments Sexually oriented business 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum All Contexts: 5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Transportation Uses Airport Determined by Airport Authority No Maximum Heliport Bus line station/terminal No Minimum Urban Center and Transit Contexts: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Neighborhood Center and General Context: 1 space per 150 average daily passenger boardings Intermodal transit passenger hub Railroad, passenger station Transportation terminal, including bus, rail and trucking Railroad, repair shop 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. , plus 1 space per fleet vehicle generally stored on-site No Minimum No Maximum Truck freight terminal Railroad, freight terminal facility No Minimum Industrial Uses Manufacturing and Processing Artisan food production 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. of production area, plus 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office/retail 0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of production area, plus 1.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office/retail No Minimum Transit and Urban Center Contexts: 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. of production area, plus 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office/retail Page 35 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Bakery, commercial Neighborhood Center and General Context: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of production area, plus 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office/retail Automobile salvage and recycling (outdoor) 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. of office 0.5 space per 1,000 sq. ft. of office No Minimum All Contexts: 7 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office/retail Processing center (outdoor) Automobile salvage and recycling (indoor) 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. No Minimum No Maximum Blacksmith shop Bottling plant Brewery/Small Brewery Chemical manufacturing and/or storage Commercial food preparation Distillery Drop forge industry Explosive manufacturing and storage Food processing Heavy manufacturing Incinerator, medical waste/hazardous waste Industrial assembly Jewelry fabrication Laundry, commercial Light manufacturing Manufacturing and processing, food Paint manufacturing No Minimum Printing plant Page 36 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Processing center (indoor) Recycling Sign painting/ fabrication Studio, motion picture Welding shop Winery Woodworking mill Collection station No Minimum Concrete and/or asphalt manufacturing Extractive industry Manufacturing, concrete or asphalt Refinery, petroleum products Storage and Warehousing Air cargo terminals and package delivery facility 1 space per 1,000 sq. ft. , plus 1 space per fleet vehicle generally stored on-site No Maximum Building materials distribution Flammable liquids or gases, heating fuel distribution and storage Package delivery facility Warehouse Warehouse, accessory to retail and wholesale business (maximum 5,000 square foot floor plate) Wholesale distribution Storage, self 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area, plus 1 space per 30 storage units 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office All Contexts: 1 space for every 15 storage units Contractor's yard/office 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area All Contexts: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of office area Rock, sand and gravel storage and distribution No Minimum No Maximum Storage (outdoor) Page 37 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Storage and display (outdoor) Storage, public (outdoor) Public and Semi-Public Utility Uses Utility: Building or structure No Minimum No Maximum Antenna, communication tower Antenna, communication tower, exceeding the maximum building height in the zone Large wind energy system Solar array Utility: Electric generation facility Utility: Sewage treatment plant Utility: Solid waste transfer station Utility: Transmission wire, line, pipe or pole Wireless telecommunications facility Accessory Uses Accessory Dwelling Unit See Section 21A.40.200: Accessory Dwelling Units Accessory guest and servant's quarter 1 space per DU No Minimum All Contexts: 4 spaces per DU Living quarter for caretaker or security guard Retail, sales and service accessory use when located within a principal building 2 spaces per 1,000 1 space per 1,000 Transit and Urban Center Contexts: 2 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Neighborhood Center: 3 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. General Context: 4 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. Retail, sales and service accessory use when located within a principal building and operated primarily for the convenience of employees No Minimum Page 38 Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking DU = dwelling unit sq. ft. = square feet Land Use Minimum Parking Requirement Maximum Parking Allowed General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, R- MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1. CSHBD2 D-1, D-3 D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-UN3, FB- SC. R-MU Vehicle Stacking and Drive-Through Facilities: See 21A.44.040A.6 Outdoor Sales/Display/Leasing/Auction Areas: See 21A.44.040A.7 Warehouse, accessory 0.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of warehouse/wholesale No Minimum No Maximum Accessory use, except those that are otherwise specifically regulated elsewhere in this title No Minimum Heliport, accessory Reverse vending machine Storage, accessory (outdoor) Temporary Uses Mobile food business (operation in public right-of- way) No minimum, unless required by temporary use permit or as determined by the Zoning Administrator No Maximum Mobile food business (operation on private property) Mobile food court Vending cart, private property Vending cart, public property Farm stand, seasonal Table Notes: A.Facilities that are (a) occupied by persons who’s right to live together is protected by the federal Fair Housing Act, and that (b) occupy a building originally constructed for another residential use shall have the same parking requirements as the residential use for which the building was constructed. B.Parking requirements to be determined by Transportation Director based on considerations of factors such as estimated facility use, vehicle traffic to the facility, transit use to the facility, potential traffic congestion, and likelihood of overflow parking in surrounding neighborhoods. B.Electric Vehicle Parking Each multi-family use shall provide a minimum of one (1) parking space dedicated to electric vehicles for every twenty five (25) parking spaces provided on-site. Electric vehicle parking spaces shall count toward the minimum required number of parking spaces. The electric vehicl e parking space shall be: 1.Located in the same lot as the principal use; 2.Located as close to a primary entrance of the principal building as possible; 3.Signed in a clear and conspicuous manner, such as special pavement marking or signage, indicating exclusive availability to electric vehicles; and Page 39 4.Outfitted with a standard electric vehicle charging station. C.Accessible Parking 1.The number and design of accessible (ADA) parking spaces shall be pursuant to the standards provided in the Salt Lake City Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. 2.Parking areas with four (4) or fewer vehicle parking spaces are not required to identify an accessible parking space; however, if parking is provided, a minimum of one (1) parking space shall comply with the ADA standard dimensions. 3.The number of required accessible spaces shall be based on the total number of vehicle spaces provided to serve the principal uses, as shown below in Table 21A.44.040-B: Accessible Parking Required Table 21A.44.040-B: Accessible Parking Required Off Street Parking Spaces Provided Minimum Required Accessible Spaces 1 to 100 1 per 25 parking spaces 101 to 500 1 per 50 parking spaces 501 to 1,000 2 percent of total number of parking spaces 1,001 and more 20, plus 1 for each 100 parking spaces over 1,000 D.Bicycle Parking 1.Applicability The following regulations apply to all uses except for single-family, two-family, and twin home residential uses and nonresidential uses having less than one thousand square feet (1,000 sq. ft.) of usable floor area. 2.Calculation of Mimimum Required Bicycle Parking Spaces31 The number of required bicycle spaces shall be based on the use within the defined parking contexts as shown in Table 21A.44.040-C: Minimum Bicycle Parking Requirements, unless another City standard requires a different number of bicycle parking spaces for a specific use, in which case the use-specific bicycle parking standard shall apply. Table 21A.44.040-C: Minimum Bicycle Parking Requirements* (Calculation of Bicyle Parking Spaces to be Provided per Residential Unit or Based on Usable Floor Area) Use General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, CSHBD2, R-MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, D-3, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1 D-1, D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-SC, R-MU Residential Uses 1 per 5 units 1 per 4 units 1 per 3 units 1 per 2 units Page 40 Table 21A.44.040-C: Minimum Bicycle Parking Requirements* (Calculation of Bicyle Parking Spaces to be Provided per Residential Unit or Based on Usable Floor Area) Use General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, CSHBD2, R-MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, D-3, MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1 D-1, D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-SC, R-MU Public, Institutional, and Civic Uses 1 per 10,000 sq. ft. 1 per 5,000 sq. ft. 1 per 5,000 sq. ft. 1 per 3,000 sq. ft. Commercial Uses 1 per 20,000 sq. ft. 1 per 5,000 sq. ft 1 per 4,000 sq. ft. 1 per 2,000 sq. ft. Industrial Uses No requirement No requirement No requirement No Requirement *For all uses: In determining the minimum number of bicycle parking spaces required, fractional spaces are rounded to the nearest whole number, with one-half counted as an additional space 3.Building Expansions or Changes of Use Building expansions or changes of use that require additional vehicle parking spaces pursuant to section 21A.44.020 and section 21A.44.040 shall provide additional bicycle parking spaces based on the calculations in Table 21A.44.040-C: Minimum Bicycle Parking Requirements for the entire use. 4.Secure/Enclosed Bicycle Parking Each one (1) bicycle parking space that is within a secure/enclosed bicycle parking facility may be used to satisfy the requirement of two (2) required bicycle parking spaces. 5.Existing Public Bicycle Parking Facilities Permanent public bicycle racks or bike corrals located within fifty feet (50') of the primary entrance to the principal building may be used to satisfy up to two (2) required bicycle parking spaces. 6.Accessory and Temporary Uses No bicycle parking spaces are required for accessory or temporary uses. 21A.44.050 Alternatives to Minimum and Maximum Parking Calculations The amount of off street vehicle parking required pursuant to Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking, may be adjusted by the factors listed in this section. These adjustments may be applied as part of the calculation of parking requirements and do not require discretionary approval by the City. A.Limitations on Adjustments to Minimum Required Parking The adjustments listed in sections 21A.44.050B.B through 21A.44.050F.H may be used in any combination, but shall not be combined to reduce the minimum required parking established in Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking by more than forty percent (40%). Page 41 B. Shared Parking 1. Shared Parking for Two or More Uses a. Where two (2) or more uses listed in Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking share a parking garage or parking lot that is located on one of the properties that is sharing parking, or is located within the maximum permitted distance of all of the properties sharing parking shown in Table 21A.44.060-B: Maximum Distances for Off-Site Parking, the total minimum off street parking requirement for those uses may be reduced by the factors shown in Table 21A.44.050-A: Shared Parking Reduction Factors. b. The minimum number of off street parking spaces shall be the sum of the parking requirements for the uses divided by the factor shown in Table 21A.44.050-A: Shared Parking Reduction Factors for that combination of uses. Example: If a 5,000 square foot art gallery shared a parking lot with a 5,000 square foot retail goods establishment, and a 100 unit multi-family residential use in the Urban Center Context, the minimum off street parking required would be calculated as follows:  Use 1: Art Gallery  0.5 per 1,000 sq. ft. x (5,000 sq. ft.) = 3 parking spaces  Use 2: Retail Goods Establishment  1 per 1,000 sq. ft. x (5,000 sq. ft.) = 5 parking spaces  Use 3: Multi-Family Residential  0 per studio unit x (20 studio units) = 0 parking spaces  0.5 per 1 bedroom unit x (36 1 bedroom units) = 18 parking spaces  1 per 2+ bedroom units x (44 2+ bedroom units) = 44 parking spaces  0+18+44 = 62 parking spaces  Sum of two largest minimum parking requirements:  5 (retail goods establishment)+ 62 (multi-family) = 67 parking spaces  Reduction Factor (two largest minimums):  67 ÷ 1.2 reduction factor = 55.8 or 56 parking spaces  Add Remaining Minimum(s):  56 (retail & multi-family) + 3 (art gallery) = 59 parking spaces required Table 21A.44.050-A: Shared Parking Reduction Factors Property Use Multi-Family Residential Public, Institutional, or Civic Food and Beverage, Recreation and Entertainment, or Lodging Retail Sales Other Non- Residential Multi-Family Residential [1] Public, Institutional and Civic 1.1 Page 42 Food and Beverage, Recreation and Entertainment, or Lodging 1.1 1.2 Retail Sales 1.2 1.3 1.3 Other Non-Residential 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.2 [1] Applies to multi-family residential, assisted living facility (large), group home (large), and residential support (large) uses 2. Documentation Required a. The owners of record involved in the joint use of shared parking shall submit written documentation of the continued availability of the shared parking arrangement to the Transportation Director for review. b. The Director shall approve the shared parking arrangement if the Director determines that the documentation demonstrates the continued availability of the shared parking facility for a reasonable period of time. No zoning or use approval shall be issued until the Director has approved the shared parking documentation. c. If the shared parking arrangement is later terminated or modified and the Director determines that the termination or modification has resulted in traffic congestion, overflow parking in residential neighborhoods, or threats to pedestrian, bicycle, or vehicle safety, the property owners involved in the shared parking arrangement may be held in violation of this chapter. C. Proximity to Fixed-Rail Transit Required parking for a development located within one-quarter mile (when measured radially in a straight line from the subject property line) of a fixed-rail transit station platform in the General Context, Neighborhood Center Context, and Urban Center Context areas may be reduced by up to twenty-five percent (25%). This shall not apply to single or two-family uses including: single-family (attached or detached), twin homes, or two-family. D. Affordable and Senior Housing (Multi-family Structures) The minimum number of required off street parking spaces for multi-family residential developments with at least ten (10) dwelling units may be reduced by twenty-five percent (25%) if the multi-family development has: 1. A minimum of twenty-five percent (25%) of the dwelling units are restricted to residents with no greater than sixty percent (60%) area median income (AMI) for leased units; or 2. A minimum of thirty-five percent (35%) of the dwelling units are restricted to residents with no greater than eighty percent (80%) AMI for sale units; or 3. A minimum of seventy-five percent (75%) of the dwelling units are restricted to persons sixty-five (65) years of age or older. For a development that meets any of the scenarios above, an additional reduction of up to fifteen percent (15%) may be allowed when the development is located within one-quarter mile (when measured radially in a straight line from the subject property line) of a bus stop that is serviced by the same route at least every fifteen (15) minutes during daytime hours, Monday - Saturday. Page 43 E. Car Pool and Carshare Parking 1. For parking lots with one hundred (100) or more parking spaces, each off street parking space designated and signed for the exclusive use of a shared car pool vehicle shall count as three (3) spaces toward the satisfaction of minimum off street vehicle parking requirements. 2. For parking lots with one hundred (100) or more parking spac es, each off street parking space designated and signed for the exclusive use of a shared vanpool vehicle shall count as seven (7) spaces toward the satisfaction of minimum off street vehicle parking requirements. 3. For parking lots of any size, each off street parking space designated and signed for the exclusive use of a carshare vehicle shall count as four (4) spaces toward the satisfaction of minimum off street vehicle parking requirements. F. Valet Parking Services Modifications to minimum on site parking spaces may occur on a one-to-one basis if off site valet parking is provided and: 1. The design of the valet parking does not cause customers who do not use the valet services to park off the premises or cause queuing in the right-of-way; 2. The availability of valet parking service is clearly posted outside the establishment and near the main entrance; and 3. The applicant provides adequate written assurances for the continued operation of the valet parking, and a written agreement to notify future owners and tenants of the property of the duty to continue to provide off-site valet parking. G. Parking Study Demonstrating Different Parking Needs 1. The Transportation Director, in consultation with the Planning Director, may authorize a change in the amount of off street parking spaces. The authorization shall be based on the applicant submitting a parking study that demonstrates a different off street parking demand for the proposed development, use, or combination of uses than calculated from Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking, and subject to the overall limits on parking adjustments in Section 21A.44.050.A above. 2. The Directors shall determine whether the information and assumptions used in the study are reasonable and whether the study accurately reflects anticipated off street parking demand for the proposed development, use, or combination of uses. 3. Considerations for an alternative parking requirement (parking provided below the minimum required or exceeding the maximum allowed) shall be granted only if the following findings are determined: Page 44 a. That the proposed parking plan will satisfy the anticipated parking demand for the use; b. That the proposed parking plan will be at least as effective in maintaining traffic circulation patterns, reducing the visibility of parking areas and facilities as would strict compliance with the otherwise applicable off street parking standards; c. That the proposed parking plan does not have a materially adverse impact on adjacent or neighboring properties; d. That the proposed parking plan includes mitigation strategies for any potential impact on adjacent or neighboring properties; and e. That the proposed alternative parking plan is consistent with applicable City plans and policies. 21A.44.060 Parking Location and Design All required parking areas shall be located and designed in accordance with the standards in this Chapter 21A.44: Off Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading and the standards in the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. Modifications to the standards of this section 21A.44.060 may be granted through the design review process, subject to conformance with the standards and procedures of Chapter 21A.59: Design Review. A. Generally 1. Parking Located on Same Lot as Use or Building Served All parking spaces required to serve buildings or uses erected or established after the effective date of this ordinance shall be located on the same lot as the building or use served, unless otherwise allowed pursuant to section 21A.44.060A.4 Off-Site Parking Permitted. 2. Biodetention and Landscape Islands in General and Neighborhood Center Contexts For parking lots with one hundred (100) or more parking spaces in the General Context and Neighborhood Center Context areas, parking lot islands or biodetention areas shall be provided on the interior of the parking lot to help direct traffic flow and to provide landscaped areas within such lots. 3. Parking Location and Setbacks All parking shall comply with the parking restrictions within yards pursuant to Table 21A.44.060-A: Parking Location and Setback Requirements Page 45 Table 21A.44.060-A: Parking Location and Setback Requirements N = parking prohibited between lot line and front line of building Zoning District Front Lot Line Corner Side Lot Line Interior Side Lot Line Rear Lot Line General Context Residential (FR Districts, RB, RMF, RO) FR N Parking in driveways that comply with all applicable City standards is exempt from this restriction. 6 ft. 0 ft. R-1, R-2, SR-1, SR-2 0 ft. RMF-30 N 0 ft.; or 10 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district RMF-35, RMF-45, RMF-75, RO N ; 0 ft.; or 10 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district. Limited to 1 side yard except for single-family attached lots. Commercial and Manufacturing (CC, CS, CG, M-1, M-2, SNB) CC 15 ft. 0 ft.; or 7 ft. when abutting any residential district CS 0 ft.; or 15 ft. when abutting any residential district CG 10 ft. M-1 15 ft. M-2 15 ft. 0 ft.; or 50 ft. when abutting any residential district Special Purpose Districts A 0 ft. 0 ft. AG, AG-2, AG-5, AG-20 N BP N 8 ft.; or 30 ft. when abutting any residential district EI 10 ft. 30 ft. 30 ft. 20 ft. FP 20 ft. 6 ft. 0 ft. I 20 ft. 0 ft.; or 15 ft. when abutting any residential district MH 20 ft. 0 ft. OS 30 ft. 10 ft. PL 30 ft. 0 ft.; or 10 ft. when abutting any residential district PL-2 20 ft. RP 30 ft. 8 ft.; or 30 ft. when abutting any residential district Neighborhood Center Context CB , CN, CSHBD2, SNB N 0 ft.; or 7 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district R-MU-35, R-MU-45 Limited to 1 side yard, 0 ft.; or 10 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district 0 ft.; or 10 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district Page 46 Table 21A.44.060-A: Parking Location and Setback Requirements N = parking prohibited between lot line and front line of building Zoning District Front Lot Line Corner Side Lot Line Interior Side Lot Line Rear Lot Line RB, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE N 0 ft. Urban Center Context D-2 N 0 ft. D-3 See section 21A.44.060.B.1 MU N 0 ft.; limited to 1 side yard 0 ft. R-MU Surface Parking: 30 ft. Parking Garages: 45 ft. 0 ft.; or 10 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district Surface parking at least 30 ft. from front lot line. Parking garages at least 45 ft. from front lot line 0 ft.; or 10 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district TSA-T See section 21A.44.060B.22 0 ft. CSHBD1 N 0 ft.; or 7 ft. when abutting any residential district Transit Context D-1 See section 21A.44.060B.11 D-4 See section Error! Reference source not found.1 0 ft. FB-UN2, FB-SC N 0 ft. TSA-C See section 21A.44.060B.22 0 ft. G-MU See section Error! Reference source not found.1 0 ft. UI 0 ft; Hospitals: 30 ft. 0 ft.; or 15 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district; Hospitals: 10 ft. 0 ft.; or 15 ft. when abutting any 1-2 family residential district; Hospitals: 10 ft. 4. Off-Site Parking Permitted When allowed as either a permitted or conditional use per Chapter 21A.33 Land Use Tables, off- site parking facilities may be used to satisfy the requirements of this chapter and shall comply with the following standards: a. Maximum Distance of Off-Site Parking Off-site parking shall be located according to the distance established in Table 21A.44.060-B: Maximum Distances for Off-Site Parking (measured in a straight line from the property boundary of the principal use for which the parking serves to the closest point of the parking area). Table 21A.44.060-B: Maximum Distances for Off-Site Parking Context Maximum Distance to Off-Site Parking Neighborhood Center 600 ft. General Page 47 Legal Nonconforming Use in Residential District Urban Center 1,200 ft. Transit 1,000 ft. b. Documentation Required (1) The owners of record involved in an off-site parking arrangement shall submit written documentation of the continued availability of the off-site parking arrangement to the Planning Director for review. (2) The Planning Director shall approve the off-site parking arrangement if the Director determines the location meets the standards of this section. No zoning or use approval shall be issued until the Director has approved the off-site parking arrangement and the documentation has been recorded in the office of the Salt Lake County Recorder. (3) If the off-site parking arrangement is later terminated or modified and the Planning Director determines that the termination or modification has resulted in traffic congestion, overflow parking in residential neighborhoods, or threats to pedestrian, bicycle, or vehicle safety, the property owners of the uses for which the off -site parking was provided may be held in violation of this chapter. 5. Circulation Plan Required Any application for a building permit shall include a site plan, drawn to scale, and fully dimensioned, showing any off street parking or loading facilities to be provided in compliance with this title. A tabulation of the number of off street vehicle and bicycle parking, loading, and stacking spaces required by this chapter shall appear in a conspicuous place on the plan. 6. Driveways and Access a. Compliance with Other Adopted Regulations (1) Parking lots shall be designed in compliance with applicable City codes, ordinances, and standards, including but not limited to title 12 of the City Code: Vehicles and Traffic and the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual to the maximum degree practicable, with respect to: (a) Minimum distances between curb cuts; (b) Proximity of curb cuts to intersections; (c) Provisions for shared driveways; (d) Location, quantity and design of landscaped islands; and (e) Design of parking lot interior circulation system. (2) Notwithstanding the provisions of 21A.44.060A.6.a(1) above, relocation of a driveway for a single-family, two-family, or twin home residence in any zoning district shall only be required when the residence is replaced, and shall not be required when the residence is expanded or renovated in compliance with the City code. b. Access Standards Access to all parking facilities shall comply with the following standards: Page 48 (1) To the maximum extent practicable, all off street parking facilities shall be designed with vehicular access to a street or alley that will least interfere with automobile, bicycle, and pedestrian traffic movement. (2) Parking facilities in excess of five (5) spaces that access a public street shall be designed to allow vehicles to enter and exit the lot in a forward direction. (3) Parking facilities on lots with less than one hundred feet (100‘) of street frontage shall have only one (1) curb cut, and lots with one hundred feet (100’) of street frontage or more shall be limited to two (2) curb cuts, unless the Transportation Director determines that additional curb cuts are necessary to ensure pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicle safety or to comply with the fire code. Public safety uses shall be exempt from limitations on curb cuts. (4) All vehicular access roads/driveways shall be surfaced as required in accordance with section 21A.44.060.A.8 Surface Materials. c. Driveway Standards All driveways shall comply with the following standards: (1) Driveway Location in Residential Zoning Districts With the exception of legal shared driveways, driveways shall be at least twenty feet (20') from street corner property lines and five feet (5') from any public utility infrastructure such as power poles, fire hydrants, and water meters. Except for entrance and exit driveways leading to approved parking areas, no curb cuts or driveways are permitted. (2) Driveway Widths All driveways serving residential uses shall be a minimum eight feet wide and shall comply with the standards for maximum driveway widths listed in Table 21A.44.060-C: Minimum and Maximum Driveway Width. Table 21A.44.060-C: Minimum and Maximum Driveway Width Zoning District Minimum Driveway Width (in front and corner side yard) Maximum Driveway Width* (in front and corner side yard) SR-1, SR-2 and SR-3 8 ft. 22 ft. MH 8 ft. 16 ft. Other Residential Zoning Districts 8 ft. 30 ft. M-1 and M-2 12 ft. single lane and 24 ft. for two-way 50 ft. Other Non-Residential Zoning Districts 12 ft. single lane and 24 ft. for two-way 30 ft. * Maximum width is for all driveways combined when more than one driveway is provided (3) Shared Driveways Shared driveways, where two (2) or more properties share one (1) driveway access, may be permitted if the Transportation Director determines that the design and location of the shared driveway access will not create adverse impacts on traffic congestion or public safety. Page 49 (4) Driveway Surface All driveways providing access to parking facilities shall be improved and maintained pursuant to the standards in the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. 7. Minimum Dimensional Standards All parking spaces shall comply with the dimensional standards in the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. 8. Surface Materials All parking spaces shall comply with the standards for surfacing of access, driving, and parking surfacing in the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. 9. Grading and Stormwater Management All surface parking areas shall comply with City grading and stormwater management standards and shall be reviewed for best management practices by Salt Lake City Department of Public Utilities. Refer to the Salt Lake City Stormwater Master Plan, Storm Drainage Manual, and Green Infrastructure Toolbox for additional information. 10. Sight Distance Triangles All driveways and intersections shall comply with the sight distance triangle standards as defined in the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. 11. Landscaping and Screening All parking areas and facilities shall comply with the landscaping and screening standards in Chapter 21A.48: Landscaping and Buffers. 12. Lighting Where a parking area or parking lot is illuminated, the light source shall be shielded so that the light source is not directly visible from any abutting property or abutting private or public street. 13. Signs All signs in parking areas or related to parking facilities shall comply with Chapter 21A.46; Signs, and applicable provisions of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). 14. Pedestrian Walkways a. Surface parking lots with between twenty-five (25) and one hundred (100) parking spaces shall provide a pedestrian walkway or sidewalk through the parking lot to the primary entrance of the principal building. Pedestrian walkways shall be identified by a change in color, material, surface texture, or grade elevation from surrounding driving surfaces. b. Parking lots with more than one hundred (100) parking spaces shall provide: (1) One (1) or more grade-separated pedestrian walkway(s), at least five feet (5’) in width, and located in an area that is not a driving surface, leading from the furthest row of parking spaces to the primary entrance of the principal building. (2) Vehicles shall not overhang the pedestrian walkway(s). Page 50 (3) Where the walkway(s) crosses a drive aisle, pedestrian walkway(s) shall be identified by a change in color, material, surface texture, or grade elevation from surrounding driving surfaces. (4) One (1) pedestrian walkway meeting these standards shall be provided for each one hundred (100) parking spaces provided on site or part thereof, after the f irst one hundred (100) parking spaces. 15. Parking Garages The following standards shall apply to all above-ground parking garages except those located in the FB zones subject to 21A.27.030.C.4, whether freestanding or incorporated into a building: a. Each façade or a parking garage adjacent to a public street or public space shall have an external skin designed to conceal the view of all parked cars. Examples include heavy gauge metal screen, precast concrete panels, live green or landscaped walls, laminated o r safety glass, or decorative photovoltaic panels. b. No horizontal length of the parking garage façade shall extend longer than 40 feet without the inclusion of architectural elements such as decorative grillwork, louvers, translucent screens, alternating building materials, and other external features to avoid visual monotony. Facade elements shall align with parking levels. c. Internal circulation shall allow parking surfaces to be level (without any slope) along each parking garage facade adjacent to a public street or public space. All ramps between levels shall be located along building facades that are not adjacent to a public street or public space, or shall be located internally so that they are not visible from adjacent public streets or public spaces. d. The location of elevators and stairs shall be highlighted through the use of architectural features or changes in façade colors, textures, or materials so that visitors can easily identify these entry points. e. Interior parking garage lighting shall not produce glaring sources toward adjacent properties while providing safe and adequate lighting levels. The use of sensor dimmable LEDs and white stained ceilings are recommended to control light levels on-site while improving energy efficiency. f. In the Urban Center Context and Transit Context areas, the street-level facades of all parking garages shall be designed to meet applicable building code standards for habitable space to allow at least one (1) permitted or conditional use, other than parking, to be located where the parking garage is located. g. Vent and fan locations shall not be located on parking garage facades facing public streets or public spaces, or adjacent to residential uses, to the greatest extent practicable. 16. Tandem Parking Where more than one (1) parking space is required to be provided for a residential dwelling unit, the parking spaces may be designed as tandem parking spaces, provided that: a. No more than two (2) required spaces may be included in the tandem parking layout; and b. Each set of two (2) tandem parking spaces shall be designated for a specific residential unit. Page 51 17. Cross-Access between Adjacent Uses The Transportation Director may require that access to one or more lots be through shared access points or cross-access through adjacent parcels when the Transportation Director determines that individual access to abutting parcels or limited distance between access points will create traffic safety hazards due to traffic levels on adjacent streets or nearby intersections. Such a determination shall be consistent with requirements of state law regarding property access from public streets. Required cross-access agreements shall be recorded with the Salt Lake County Recorder’s Office. B. Zone Specific Location and Design Standards 1. D-1, D-3, D-4, and G-MU Zoning Districts The following regulations shall apply to surface or above-ground parking facilities. No special design and setback restrictions shall apply to below-ground parking facilities. a. Block Corner Areas (1) Within the D-1 zoning district, above-ground parking facilities located within the block corner areas and on Main Street, shall be located behind principal buildings and; a. All above-ground parking facilities that front a street shall contain uses other than parking along the entire length of the building façade and along all stories or levels of the building. b. Vehicle access to parking shall be located to the side of the building or as far from the street corner as possible unless further restricted by this Title. (2) Within the D-3, D-4, or G-MU zoning districts, above-ground parking facilities shall be located behind principal buildings, or at least seventy-five feet (75') from front and corner side lot lines, and shall be landscaped to minimize visual impacts. b. Mid-Block Areas (1) Within the D-1 zoning district, above-ground parking facilities shall be located behind the front line of principal buildings or shall be located at least seventy- five feet (75') from front and corner side lot lines; a. Parking lots proposed as a principal use to facilitate a building demolition are prohibited. (2) Within the D-3, D-4, or G-MU zoning districts, parking facilities shall be located behind principal buildings, or at least thirty feet (30') from front and corner side lot lines. (3) Parking garages shall meet the following: a. Retail goods/service establishments, offices and/or restaurants shall be provided on the first floor adjacent to the front or corner side lot line. The Page 52 facades of such first floors shall be compatible and consistent with the associated retail or office portion of the building and other retail uses in the area. b. Levels of parking above the first level facing the front or corner side lot line shall have floors and/or facades that are horizontal, not sloped. c. Landscape Requirements Surface parking lots, where allowed shall have a minimum landscaped setback of fifteen feet (15’) and shall meet interior parking lot landscaping requirements as outlined in Chapter 21A.48: Landscaping and Buffers. 2. TSA Zoning District New uses and development or redevelopment within the TSA zoning district shall comply with the following standards. a. Surface Parking on Corner Properties On corner properties, surface parking lots shall be located behind principal buildings or at least sixty feet (60') from the intersection of the front and corner side lot lines. b. Surface Parking in the Core Area Surface parking lots in the core area are required to be located behind or to the side of the principal building. (1) When located to the side of a building, the parking lot shall be: (a) Set back a minimum of thirty feet (30') from a property line adjacent to a public street. The area between the parking lot and the property line adjacent to a public street shall be landscaped or activated with outdoor dining, plazas, or similar features; (b) Screened with a landscaped hedge or wall that is at least thirty-six inches (36") above grade and no taller than forty-two inches (42") above grade. Landscaping berms are not permitted; and (c) No wider than what is required for two (2) rows of parking and one (1) drive aisle as provided in the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. (2) Unless a second driveway is necessary to comply with the fire code, a maximum of one (1) driveway and drive aisle shall be permitted per street frontage. The access point shall be located a minimum of one hundred feet (100') from the intersection of the front and corner side lot lines. If the front or corner side lot line is less than one hundred feet (100') in length, then the edge of the drive approach shall be located within twenty feet (20') of the side or rear property line. c. Surface Parking In the Transition Area (1) Surface parking lots in the transition area are required to be located beh ind the principal building or to the side of a principal building. (2) When located to the side of a principal building, the parking lot shall be: (a) Set back so that no portion of the parking area (other than the driveway) shall be closer to the street than the front wall setback of the building. In cases where the front wall of the building is located within five feet (5') of a property line adjacent Page 53 to a street, the parking lot shall be set back a minimum of eight feet (8'). The space between the parking lot and the property line adjacent to a street shall be landscaped or activated with outdoor dining, plazas, or similar features; and (b) Screened with a landscaped hedge or wall that is at least thirty-six inches (36") above grade and no taller than forty-two inches (42") above grade. Landscaped berms are not permitted. C. Recreational Vehicle Parking 1. Generally a. Recreational vehicle parking spaces shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, required off street vehicle parking spaces. b. Recreational vehicles shall not be used for storage of goods, materials, or equipment other than those that are customarily associated with the recreational vehicle. c. All recreational vehicles shall be stored in a safe and secure manner. Any tie downs, tarpaulins, or ropes shall be secured from flapping in windy conditions. d. Recreational vehicles shall not be occupied as a dwelling while parked on the property. e. Recreational vehicle parking is permitted in any enclosed structure conforming to building code and zoning requirements for the zoning district in which it is located. f. Recreational vehicle parking outside of an approved enclosed structure shall be permitted for each residence and shall be limited to one motor home or travel trailer and a total of two (2) recreational vehicles of any type. g. Recreational vehicle parking outside of an enclosed structure shall comply with the standards in this section. 2. Front Yard Parking Recreational vehicle parking is prohibited in any required or provided front yard. 3. Rear Yard Parking Recreational vehicles may be parked in the rear yard when they are on a hard surfaced pad compliant with surfacing standards in the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual and with access provided by either a hard surfaced driveway, hard surfaced drive strips or an access drive constructed of turf block materials with an irrigation system. 4. Side Yard Parking Recreational vehicle parking in side yards shall be allowed only when topographical factors, the existence of mature trees, or the existence of properly permitted and constructed structures prohibit access to the rear yard. The existence of a fence or other structure that is not part of a building shall not constitute a lack of rear yard access. Any recreational vehicle parking area in a side yard shall: a. Be on a hard surface compliant with the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual; b. Be accessed via a driveway compliant with driveway standards of this chapter; c. Not obstruct access to other required parking for the use. Page 54 21A.44.070 Off Street Loading Areas A. Number and Size of Loading Areas Required 1. Unless otherwise specified, a required off street loading berth shall be at least ten feet (10') in width by at least thirty-five feet (35') in length for short berths, and twelve feet (12') in width by at least fifty feet (50') in length for long berths, exclusive of aisle and maneuvering space. Maneuvering aprons of appropriate width and orientation shall be provided and shall be subject to approval by the Transportation Director. 2. All loading areas shall have a vertical clearance of at least fourteen feet (14'). 3. Off street loading facilities for new developments or for expansion of an existing development shall be provided at the rate specified for a particular use, or if multiple uses, at the rate of the uses combined, in Table 21A.44.070-A: Off Street Loading Requirements. Regardless of the combination of uses, all buildings with a gross floor area over 50,000 square feet shall have a minimum of 1 short berth. Table 21A.44.070-A: Off Street Loading Requirements Use Gross Floor Area (Square Feet) Number and Size of Berths Hotels, Institutions, and Institutional Living 50,000 - 100,000 1 short Each additional 100,000 1 short Office/Commercial 50,000 - 100,000 1 short Each additional 100,000 up to 500,000 1 short Retail 50,000 - 100,000 1 long Each additional 100,000 1 long Industrial 25,001 - 50,000 1 long 50,001 - 100,000 2 long Each additional 100,000 1 long Multi- Family Residential86 # of Dwelling Units (Per Building) Number and Size of Berths 40-150 1 short 151-300 2 short Greater than 300 1 additional short per 200 units B. Location and Design of Loading Areas 1. All required loading berths shall be located on the same development site as the use(s) served. 2. No loading berth shall be located within thirty feet (30') of the nearest point of inter section of any two (2) streets. 3. No loading berth shall be located in a required front yard. 4. Each required loading berth shall be located and designed to: Page 55 a. Allow all required vehicle maneuvering and backing movements on-site; b. Minimize conflicts with pedestrian, bicycle, and traffic movement or encroachments into any pedestrian walkway, bicycle lane, public right-of-way, and fire lane; and c. Avoid the need to back into a public street while leaving the site to the maximum extent practicable, as determined by the Planning Director and the Transportation Director. 5. Landscaping and screening of all loading berths shall be provided to comply with the requirements of Chapter 21A.48: Landscaping and Buffers. 6. Where a loading berth is illuminated, the light source shall be shielded so that the light source is not directly visible from any abutting property or abutting private or public street. 7. All signs in loading areas shall comply with Chapter 21A.46: Signs, and applicable provisions of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. 8. All required loading berths shall comply with the surfacing standards of the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. 21A.44.080 Drive-Through Facilities and Vehicle Stacking Areas A. Number of Stacking Spaces Required The following standards apply for all uses with vehicle stacking and/or drive-through facilities. 1. All uses with drive-through facilities shall provide the minimum number of on-site stacking spaces indicated in Table 21A.44.080-A: Required Vehicle Stacking Spaces. Table 21A.44.080-A: Required Vehicle Stacking Spaces Use General Context Neighborhood Center Context Urban Center Context Transit Context All zoning districts not listed in another context area RB, SNB, CB, CN, CSHBD2, R-MU-35, R-MU-45, SR-3, FB-UN1, FB-SE D-2, D-3, MU, R- MU, TSA-T, CSHBD1 D-1, D-4, G-MU, TSA-C, UI, FB-UN2, FB-SC Car Wash, Self-Service 3 spaces per bay or stall 2 spaces per bay or stall Car Wash, Automated 4 spaces per lane or stall 3 spaces per lane or stall Food and Beverage Service Uses 5 spaces per service lane 4 spaces per service lane Other Uses 3 spaces per service lane 3 spaces per service lane B. Location and Design of Drive-Through Facilities 1. In zoning districts where uses with drive-through facilities are allowed and where no front or corner side yard setback is required, the drive-through lanes shall not be located between the front or corner side lot line and any walls of the principal building. 2. Drive-through lanes shall be arranged to avoid conflicts with site access points, access to parking or loading spaces, and internal circulation routes, to the maximum extent practicable. Page 56 3. In the General Context zoning districts, a by-pass lane, driveway, or other circulation area around a drive-through facility stacking lane shall be provided for all uses other than automated car washes. financial institutions and restaurant/retail uses. 4. All required stacking spaces shall measure nine (9) feet by twenty (20) feet and shall be counted from the point of service, or final service window. 5. Air quality: Drive through facilities shall post idle-free signs pursuant to Chapter 12.58 of the city code. 6. When a drive through use adjoins any residential use or any residential zoning district, a minimum six foot (6’) high masonry wall shall be erected and maintained along such property line. 7. Drive through facility will not result in adverse impacts upon the vicinity after giving consideration to the hours of operation, noise and light generation, traffic circulation, and the site plan. 21A.44.090 Modifications to Parking Areas Applicants requesting development permits or approvals may request adjustments to the standards and requirements in this Chapter 21A.44: Off Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading, and the City may approve adjustments to those standards, as described below. A. Administrative Modifications The Planning Director or Transportation Director may approve the following types of modifications without requiring approval of a Special Exception, provided that the Director determines that the adjustment will not create adverse impacts on pedestrian, bicycle, or vehicle safety and that the adjustment is required to accommodate an unusual site feature (such as shape, topography, utilities, or access point constraints) and that the need for the adjustment has not been created by the actions of the applicant. 1. Modification to dimensions or geometries of parking, loading, or stacking space, aisles, or maneuvering areas otherwise required by this chapter, other City regulations, or the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual; provided that those modifications are consistent with federal and state laws regarding persons with disabilities, including but not limited to the Americans with Disabilities Act. 2. Modifications to bicycle parking or loading berth location or design standards. B. Special Exceptions The following types of exceptions may be approved through the Special Exception process in section 21A.52.040, provided that the application meets the criteria for approval of a Special Exception in section 21A.52.060 in addition to the standards provided in this section. 1. Exceptions Permitted a. Front Yard Parking Exception For any zoning district, if front yard parking is prohibited in Table 21A.44.060-A: Parking Location and Setback Requirements, it may be allowed if all of the following conditions are met: Page 57 (1) The rear or side yards cannot be reasonably accessed by vehicles, specifically; (a) Clearance for a driveway could not be provided in the side yard on either side of the building that is free from obstructions that cannot reasonably be avoided, such as utilities, window-wells, a specimen tree, a direct elevation change of three feet (3') or greater, or retaining walls three feet (3') high or greater; and (b) There is not a right-of-way or alley adjacent to the property with established rights for access, where: a. The travel distance to the property line is less than one hundred feet (100') from an improved street and the right-of-way or alley has at least a minimum twelve foot (12') clearance that is, or could be paved; or b. The travel distance to the property line is more than one hundred feet (100') from an improved street and the right-of-way or alley has an existing minimum twelve foot (12') wide paved surface. (2) It is not feasible to build an attached garage that conforms to yard area and setback requirements; (3) Parking is limited to an area that is surfaced in compliance with the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual; (4) The parking area is limited to nine feet (9') wide by twenty feet (20') deep; (5) Vehicles using the parking area will not project across any sidewalk or into the public right-of-way; and (6) Parking is restricted to passenger vehicles only. b. Vehicle and Equipment Storage Surfacing Exception Vehicle and equipment storage without hard surfacing may be permitted in the CG, M-1, M- 2 and EI zoning districts provided that: (1) The lot is used for long-term vehicle storage, not for regular parking and/or maneuvering; (2) The vehicles or equipment stored are large and/or are built on tracks that could destroy normal hard surfacing; (3) The parking surface is compacted with six inches (6") of road base and other semi - hard material with long lasting dust control chemical applied annually; (4) A hard-surfaced cleaning station is installed to prevent tracking of mud and sand onto the public right-of-way; and (5) Any vehicles or equipment that contain oil are stored with pans, drains, or other means to ensure that any leaking oil will not enter the soil. 21A.44.100 Use and Maintenance A. Use of Parking Areas 1. Except as otherwise provided in this section, required off street parking facilities provided for uses listed in Table 21A.44.040-A: Minimum and Maximum Off Street Parking shall be solely for the parking of automobiles or authorized temporary uses. Page 58 B. Maintenance 1. Space allocated to any off street loading berth or related access or maneuvering area shall not be used to satisfy the parking space requirements for any off street parking. 2. Except in the M-1, M-2, CG, and D districts, no cleaning or maintenance of loading areas using motorized equipment may be performed between ten o'clock (10:00) P.M. and seven o'clock (7:00) A.M. each day, except for snow removal. 21A.44.110 Nonconforming Parking and Loading Facilities Nonconforming parking and loading facilities shall be subject to the standards established in Ch apter 21A.38: Nonconforming Uses and Noncomplying Structures, and the criteria established in this section. A. Continuation of Nonconforming Parking and Loading Facilities Any parking spaces, loading facilities, or access to public rights-of-way that were lawfully existing or created prior to the effective date of this Ordinance, but that have since become nonconforming with the provisions of this chapter through the actions of the City or any governmental entity , shall be allowed to continue, but any expansion of the use or structure, or change of use, after the adoption date of this Ordinance shall comply with the provisions of this Chapter 21A.44: Off Street Parking, Mobility, and Loading. B. Nonconformity Due to Governmental Acquisition Where a lot, tract, or parcel is occupied by a lawful structure or use, and where the acquisition of right-of-way by eminent domain, dedication, or purchase by a City, county, state, or federal agency creates noncompliance of the parking, loading, or drive-through facilities with any requirement of this chapter, the parking, loading, or drive-through facility shall be deemed lawful and conforming. This designation shall apply only to noncompliance resulting directly from the acquisition of right-of- way. C. Damage or Destruction Reconstruction, reestablishment, or repair of any nonconforming parking, loading, or drive-through area involuntarily damaged or destroyed by fire, collapse, explosion or other natural cause is not required to comply with the standards of this chapter. The parking and loading facilities may be restored or continued as they existed prior to the damage or destruction, or in a manner that reduces any nonconformity that existed prior to the damage or destruction. D. Legalization of Garages Converted to Residential Use Garages attached to single-family and two-family residential structures converted to residential uses before April 12, 1995, and any associated front yard parking, may be legalized by complying with the following requirements: 1. The property owner shall obtain a building permit for all building modifications associated with converting the garage to residential use and the City shall inspect the conversion for substantial compliance with adopted life safety regulations. Page 59 2. The driveway leading to the converted garage shall not be removed without replacing the same number of parking spaces (up to the minimum required by this chapter) in a location authorized by this chapter. 3. Parking on the driveway in the front yard is restricted to passenger vehicles only. Page 60 Definitions AUTOMOBILE A self-propelled vehicle with wheels that can legally operate within a public right-of-way. The term includes but is not limited to passenger cars, light trucks, and recreational vehicles. BIODETENTION A low impact development term also sometimes called a rain garden, biofilter or porous landscape detention that achieves on-site retention of stormwater through the use of vegetated depressions engineered to collect, store, and facilitate runoff infiltration. CAR POOL A group of two or more commuters, including the driver, who share the ride to and from work or other destination on a regularly scheduled basis. CARSHARE129 A membership-based model of car use where people rent or borrow cars for short periods of time, often by the hour. Vehicles may be made available through private individuals, a property owner/manager, or commercial companies, but are managed through a facilitator. CHANGE OF USE The replacement of an existing use by a new use, or a change in the nature of an existing. A change of ownership, tenancy, name or management, or a change in product or service within the same use classification where the previous nature of the use, line of business, or other function is substantially unchanged is not a change of use. The conversion of existing residential units to condominiums is not a change of use. COMMERCIAL VEHICLE A vehicle associated with a business that exceeds one (1) ton capacity. This includes but is not limited to buses, dump trucks, stake body trucks, step vans, tow trucks and tractor trailers. Taxis and limousines shall also be considered commercial vehicles. DESIGN CAPACITY The maximum occupancy of a building or structure based on the Fire and/or Building Code , whichever allows occupancy by a larger group of people. DEVELOPMENT A. The carrying out of any building activity, the making of any material change in the use or appearance of any structure or land, or the dividing of land into parcels by any person. The following activities or uses shall be taken for the purposes of these regulations to involve "development": 1. The construction of any principal building or structure; 2. Increase in the intensity of use of land, such as an increase in the number of dwelling units or an increase in nonresidential use intensity that requires additional parking; 3. Alteration of a shore or bank of a pond, river, stream, lake or other waterway; 4. Commencement of drilling (except to obtain soil samples), the driving of piles, or excavation on a parcel of land; 5. Demolition of a structure; 6. Clearing of land as an adjunct of construction, including clearing or removal of vegetation and including any significant disturbance of vegetation or soil manipulation; and Page 61 7. Deposit of refuse, solid or liquid waste, or fill on a parcel of land. B. The following operations or uses shall not be taken for the purpose of these regulations to involve "development": 1. Work by a highway or road agency or railroad company for the maintenance of a road or railroad track, if the work is carried out on land within the boundaries of the right of way; 2. Utility installations as stated in subsection 21A.02.050.B of this title; 3. Landscaping for residential uses; and 4. Work involving the maintenance of existing landscaped areas and existing rights of way such as setbacks and other planting areas. FLOOR AREA, GROSS138 A. For determining size of establishment, the sum of the gross horizontal area of all floors of the building measured from the exterior face of the exterior walls or from the centerline of walls separating two (2) buildings. The floor area of a building shall include basement floor area, penthouses, attic space having headroom of seven feet (7') or more, interior balconies and mezzanines, enclosed porches, and floor area devoted to accessory uses. Space devoted to open air off street parking or loading shall not be included in floor area. B. The floor area of structures devoted to bulk storage of materials including, but not limited to, grain elevators and petroleum storage tanks, shall be determined on the basis of height in feet (i.e., 10 feet in height shall equal 1 floor). FLOOR AREA, USABLE138 For determining off street parking and loading requirements, the sum of the gross horizontal areas of all floors of the building, as measured from the outside of the exterior walls, devoted to the principal use, including accessory storage areas located within selling or working space such as counters, racks, or closets, and any floor area devoted to retailing activities, to the production or processing of goods or to business or professional offices. Floor area for the purposes of measurement for off street parking spaces shall not include: A. Floor area devoted primarily to mechanical equipment or unfinished storage areas; B. Floor area devoted to off street parking or loading facilities, including aisles, ramps, and maneuvering space. GARAGE An accessory building or portion of a building designed or used for the storage of vehicles used by the occupants of the principle building. GARAGE, ATTACHED A garage that has a roof or wall of which fifty percent (50%) or more is attached to and in common with a principal building. An attached garage shall be considered part of the principal building and shall be subject to all yard requirements of the principal building. HARD SURFACED138 A concrete, asphalt, brick, stone, turf block, or other surface approved by the City Engineer that is suitable for vehicle traffic. Page 62 OFF STREET PARKING138 A site or portion of a site devoted to the parking of automobiles in an area that is not a public or private street or other public right-of-way, including parking spaces, aisles, driveways, and associated landscaped areas. OFF-SITE138 A lot that is separate from the lot on which the principal use is located. OUTDOOR DINING138 A dining area with seats and/or table(s) located outdoors of a restaurant, brewpub, social club, tavern, market, deli, or other retail sales establishment that sells food and/or drinks, and which is either: A. Located entirely outside the walls of the building of the subject business, or B. Enclosed on two (2) sides or less by the walls of the building with or without a solid roof cover, or C. Enclosed on three (3) sides by the walls of the building without a solid roof cover. PARKING GARAGE A structure or part of a structure used primarily for the housing, parking, or storage of automobiles. PARKING LOT An area on the surface of the land used for the parking of more than four (4) automobiles. Areas designated for the display of new and used vehicles for sale are not included in this definition. PARKING, OFF-SITE An off-street parking area intended to serve one or more use s and that is located on a different parcel or lot than the use(s) it is intended to serve. PARK AND RIDE LOT138 An area or structure intended to accommodate parked vehicles for the general public, where commuters park their vehicles and continue travel to another destination via public transit, carpool, vanpool, or bicycle. Parking lot may be shared with other uses or stand alone. PARKING, SHARED Joint use of a parking lot or area for more than one principal use. PARKING SPACE138 Space within a parking area of certain dimensions as defined in Chapter 21A.44 of this title, exclusive of access drives, aisles, ramps, columns, for the storage of one vehicle. PARKING STUDY A study prepared by a licensed professional traffic engineer specifically addressing the parking demand generated by a use and which provides information necessary to determine whether proposed parking will have a material negative impact to adjacent or neighboring properties. PARKING, TANDEM138 The in-line parking of one vehicle behind another in such a way that one parking space can only be accessed through another parking space. PLANNING DIRECTOR144 The director of the Salt Lake City Planning Division, or his/her designee. PRIMARY ENTRANCE The entrance to a building, parcel, or development most used by the public for day-to-day ingress and egress. Page 63 STREET144 A vehicular way which may also serve for all or part of its width as a way for pedestrian traffic, whether called street, highway, thoroughfare, parkway, throughway, road, avenue, boulevard, lane, place, mall or otherwise designated. VANPOOL A group of seven (7) to fifteen (15) commuters, including the driver, who share the ride to and from work or other destination on a regularly scheduled basis. VEHICLE138 A device by which any person or property may be transported upon a public h ighway except devices used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks or exclusively moved by human power. VEHICLE, ELECTRIC A device which is considered a vehicle that uses electricity as its primary source of power, such as a plug- in electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. An electric vehicle does not include devices that are moved by human power. VEHICLE, RECREATIONAL138 Any motorized vehicle and/or associated non-motorized equipment used for camping, traveling, boating, or other leisure activities including, but not limited to campers, boats, travel trailers, motor homes, snow mobiles, wave runners, and other vehicles designed for traveling on water (motorized and non- motorized). Trailers used for transporting this type of vehicle are also included within this definition. Page 64 ATTACHMENT C: OFF-STREET PARKING MANUAL Page 65 Salt Lake City // Off-Street Parking Standards Manual 1 OFF -STREET PARKING STANDARDS MANUAL Salt Lake City // 2019 VERSION 1.0  //  NOV 2019 Page 66 Salt Lake City // Off-Street Parking Standards Manual 2 1. OFF STREET PARKING DIMENSIONS 3 1.1 General Off Street Parking Dimensions 3 1.2 Drive Aisles 6 1.3 Parallel Parking 7 1.4 Parking Stalls Adjacent to Columns or Sidewalks 7 1.5 ADA Parking 8 2. DRIVEWAY STANDARDS 9 2.1 Maximum Driveway Slopes and Critical Angles 9 2.2 Visually Clear Sight Zone Areas at Residential Driveways 10 2.3 Additional Parking Access Standards 11 3. SURFACING STANDARDS 13 3.1 Materials 13 4. BICYCLE RACKS 16 4.1 Location and Distribution 16 4.2 Preferred Bicycle Rack 17 4.3 Bicycle Rack Parking Area Dimensions 17 4.4 Unpermitted Racks 18 4.5 Bicycle Parking Area Outline 18 4.6 Covered Bicycle Racks 19 4.7 Custom Rack Designs 19 4.8 Racks on Public Property 19 The standards of this manual can change, visit our website to ensure latest version of the manual. Version 1.0 // NOV 2019 slc.gov/page - TBD CO N T E N T Page 67 Salt Lake City // Off-Street Parking Standards Manual 3 1.1 GENERAL OFF STREET PARKING DIMENSIONS 1.1.1 All off-street parking designs shall conform to the accompanying standards and be approved by the Transportation Director or his/her designee.1 1.1.2 The dimensions for parking spaces and associated aisles are established by the Transportation Division and are set forth in Table 1 of this manual. 2 1.1.3 Stalls shall be striped to 80% of the vehicle projection to encourage pulling further into the stall.3 1.1.4 Substandard stalls shall not be allowed in new uses or developments even when they are not needed to meet parking requirements. Designated compact car stalls shall not be allowed. The dimensions given in the policy are for a ‘one size fits all’ design. 4 1.1.5 Requests for parking angles other than those shown on Table 1 of this manual may be approved by the city Transportation Director or his/her designee. 5 1.1.6 If a public alley is used as a parking aisle additional space shall be required on the lot to provide the full width of aisle as required on Table 1 of this manual.6 1.1.7 Tandem parking is allowed for single-family dwellings, two-family dwellings or twin homes. 7 1.1.8 The dimensions of parking spaces in a valet attended parking lot can be modified with approval of the Transportation Director or his/her designee.8 1.1.9 Parking spaces in an automated parking garage are exempt from the off-street parking dimensions found in this Table 1 provided the design of the automated parking garage has been approved by the Transportation Director or his/her designee. 9 1 From SLC Engineering Standards – Section F1.c2. 2 From current 21A.44.020.E(1). 3 From SLC Engineering Standards – Section F1.c2. 4 From SLC Engineering Standards – Section F1.c2. 5 From current 21A.44.020.E(2)(B). Revised to reflect staff’s redline edits. 6 From current 21A.44.020.E(2)(C). Revised to reflect staff’s redline edits. 7 New provision to reflect staff’s redline edits 8 From current 21A.44.020.E(2)(D). 9 From current 21A.44.020.E(2)(E). 1. OF F S T R E E T P A R K I N G D I M E N S I O N S Page 68 Salt Lake City // Off-Street Parking Standards Manual 4 Parking Angle Stall Width Vehicle Projection Aisle Width Wall-to-Wall Module Width Interlock Reduction Overhang Allowance 0 22’0”8’3”12’8”29’2”0’0”2’0” 45 8’3”16’10”14’11”48’7”2’3”2’0” 50 8’3”17’5”15’6”50’4”2’0”2’0” 55 8’3”17’11”16’2”52’0”1’10”2’1” 60 8’3”18’3”16’10”53’4”1’7”2’2” 65 8’3”18’6”17’9”54’9”1’4”2’3” 70 8’3”18’7”18’7”55’9”1’1”2’4” 75 8’3”18’6”20’1”57’1”0’10”2’5” 90 8’3”17’6”24’10”59’10”0’0”2’6” Table 1 // Off Street parking Dimensions 10 10 Multiple adjustments have been suggested by staff to simplify the table so that it is more intuitive for the audience. Future adjustments to the table will be considered and made by the Transportation Department as part of future updates to the Off-Street Parking Standards Manual. Figure 1 // Diagrammatic Legend for Table 1 Page 69 Salt Lake City // Off-Street Parking Standards Manual 5 0 22’0”8’6”11’11”28’11”0’0”2’0” 45 8’6”16’10”14’2”47’10”2’3”2’0” 50 8’6”17’5”14’9”49’7”2’0”2’0” 55 8’6”17’11”15’5”51’3”1’10”2’1” 60 8’6”18’3”16’1”52’7”1’7”2’2” 65 8’6”18’6”17’0”54’0”1’4”2’3” 70 8’6”18’7”17’10”55’0”1’1”2’4” 75 8’6”18’6”19’4”56’4”0’10”2’5” 90 8’6”17’6”24’1”59’1”0’0”2’6” 0 22’0”8’9”10’8”28’2”0’0”2’0” 45 8’9”16’10”13’5”47’1”2’3”2’0” 50 8’9”17’5”14’0”48’10”2’0”2’0” 55 8’9”17’11”14’8”50’6”1’10”2’1” 60 8’9”18’3”15’4”51’10”1’7”2’2” 65 8’9”18’6”16’3”53’3”1’4”2’3” 70 8’9”18’7”17’1”54’3”1’1”2’4” 75 8’9”18’6”18’7”55’7”0’10”2’5” 90 8’9”17’6”23’4”58’4”0’0”2’6” 0 22’0”9’0”9’5”27’5”0’0”2’0” 45 9’0”16’10”12’6”46’4”2’3”2’0” 50 9’0”17’5”13’3”48’1”2’0”2’0” 55 9’0”17’11”13’11”49’9”1’10”2’1” 60 9’0”18’3”14’7”51’1”1’7”2’2” 65 9’0”18’6”15’6”52’6”1’4”2’3” 70 9’0”18’7”16’4”53’6”1’1”2’4” 75 9’0”18’6”17’10”54’10”0’10”2’5” 90 9’0”17’6”22’7”57’7”0’0”2’6” Parking Angle Stall Width Vehicle Projection Aisle Width Wall-to-Wall Module Width Interlock Reduction Overhang Allowance Table 1 // Continued Page 70 Salt Lake City // Off-Street Parking Standards Manual 6 1.2 DRIVE AISLES 11 1.2.1 Maneuverability around the end of the aisles (aisle cross-overs) is dependent on the minimum acceptable turning radius of the vehicle. For one-way traffic, the minimum inside radius is 18 feet and the minimum outside radius is 28 feet. For two-way traffic, the minimum inside radius is 18 feet and the minimum outside radius is 36 feet. If perimeter parking is provided, then the cross-over aisle dimension shall be the greater of that required for access to the stall or that required for turning. 1.2.2 The width of the drive aisle shall be increased by one foot when no curb stops are provided. 11 From SLC Engineering Standards – Section F1.c2. Figure 2 // Aisle Dimensional Standards Page 71