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Transmittal - 1/13/2023ERIN MENDENHALL DEPARTMENT of COMMUNITY Mayor and NEIGHBORHOODS Blake Thomas Director SALT LAKE CITY CORPORATION 451 SOUTH STATE STREET, ROOM 404 WWW.SLC.GOV P.O. BOX 145486, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH 84114-5486 TEL 801.535.6230 FAX 801.535.6005 CITY COUNCIL TRANSMITTAL Date Received: Lisa Shaffer, Chief Administrative Officer Date Sent to Council: TO: Salt Lake City Council DATE: January 11, 2023 Darin Mano, Chair FROM: Blake Thomas, Director, Department of Community and Neighborhoods SUBJECT: Update on Housing SLC (the new five-year moderate income housing plan). STAFF CONTACT: Blake Thomas, Director, Community and Neighborhoods, 801-718-7949, blake.thomas@slcgov.com Ruedigar Matthes, Policy & Program Manager, Community and Neighborhoods, 385-415-4701, Ruedigar.Matthes@slcgov.com DOCUMENT TYPE: Written briefing RECOMMENDATION: No action needed BUDGET IMPACT: None BACKGROUND/DISCUSSION: This briefing provides a progress update on the Administration’s development of a new five-year moderate income housing plan, Housing SLC. The City’s current housing plan, Growing SLC, expires at the end of the fiscal year, and a new housing plan is needed to meet state code requirements. To provide consistency with Resolution 14-2020, this briefing provides an interim update in the plan development process, and includes information on: 1) state requirements, 2) plan coordination 3) engagement efforts and existing conditions, 4) key findings, and 5) next steps and timeline. At this time, the City Council may wish to weigh in on efforts completed to date and housing priorities for the next five years. 1.State Requirements The state defines “moderate income housing” as “housing occupied or reserved for occupancy by households with a gross household income equal to or less than 80% of the median gross income for households of the same size in the county in which the city is located” (Utah State Code 10- 9a-103). State Code section 10-9a-401 requires that municipalities include a moderate income housing plan as part of the municipality’s general plan, and State Code section 10-9a- Lisa Shaffer (Jan 13, 2023 15:16 MST)01/13/2023 01/13/2023 403(2)(a)(iii) outlines the elements that must be included in a moderate income housing plan. These are: A. Providing a realistic opportunity to meet the need for additional moderate income housing within the next five years; B. Selects four or more moderate income housing strategies described in Subsection (2)(b)(iii) for implementation; and C. Includes an implementation plan as provided in Subsection (2)(c), which requires that a municipality identify specific measures and benchmarks for implementing each moderate income housing strategy. Additionally, to qualify for priority consideration for various state funding sources (including transportation funding and state American Rescue Plan Act funding), a municipality must select six moderate income housing strategies if the municipality has a fixed guideway public transit station. State Code sections 10-9a-408(2) requires that municipalities submit annual reports on their moderate income housing plans that include: - A description of the moderate income housing plan strategies selected, - An implementation plan, - A description of each action (including land use regulations) taken during the previous year to implement the moderate income housing plan, - Barriers encountered in implementing the plan, - The number of internal and external ADUs within the municipality, - A description of how the market has responded to the actions taken by the municipality, - And recommendations on how the state can support the municipality. The policies, strategies, and action items outlined in Thriving in Place (“TIP”), along with those that will be presented in Housing SLC, will function to provide a realistic opportunity to meet the need for additional moderate income housing while also protecting tenants from the displacement that could be associated with new development and increases in rent. These policies, strategies, and action items will be aligned with state moderate income housing strategies items and developed into an implementation plan. 2. Plan Coordination As part of the General Plan, the moderate income housing plan, Housing SLC, establishes the City’s foundation for housing policy, program, and funding priorities for the next five years. It will consider where we are as a city, where we want to be, and est ablishes the framework for decision making that will get us there. The efforts to draft a new housing plan have overlapped heavily with the TIP efforts, as both have sought to facilitate community driven processes regarding housing issues. It is the Administration’s intent to integrate the policies identified through TIP into Housing SLC and include the entire TIP study as an addendum to the plan. Accordingly, Housing SLC is intended to be the adopted housing element of the General Plan, providing a central location for all housing related policies, and fulfilling the state’s moderate- income housing plan requirement. While TIP focuses on the effects of and mitigation strategies for displacement in the city, there is substantial overlap with other housing po licies, such as the production of new housing, the preservation of existing housing, and the protection of tenants. The data collection, engagement, and analysis performed through the TIP process elucidated issues related to housing in the city, creating a foundation on which to develop a new housing plan that includes holistic policy, program, and funding solutions to address the current housing affordability and displacement crises. 3. Engagement and Existing Conditions Housing SLC will be based on current City policies, existing conditions, and input gathered from thousands of people including City residents, leaders, business owners, experts, and community organizations. Engagement on TIP began in February 2022, and a full report of TIP activities and engagement/data findings can be found at www.thrivinginplaceslc.org/what-we-heard-and- learned. Based on the findings from these efforts, engagement efforts specific to Housing SLC commenced in July 2022, when a popsicle social was held at the International Peace Gardens. Between July 2022 and November 2022, the Housing SLC project team engaged with over 4,000 individuals across a number of d ifferent methods, including: organized pop-up events, tabling at local festivals, administering paper and online surveys, posting to social media, attending housing-specific functions, and hosting focus groups. Additionally, students in the University of Utah’s College of City and Metropolitan Planning attended Community Council meetings and performed additional outreach. Refer to Appendix 1 – Housing SLC Engagement Report for a full report of engagement efforts and findings, and a timeline of relevant events is provided below: - February – April: TIP Phase I Engagement Period o Survey o Focus groups and interviews o Youth engagement o Community working group meetings - July 28: Housing SLC Engagement Kick-off - August 9: Beginning of Event Tabling - August 10: Online Survey Launch - August 12: Paper Surveys Distributed throughout Community - September 6: Reddit Ask Me Anything - September 8: Film Screening - September 24: End of Tabling Events - October 19: Renters’ Rights Event - October 31: Close Online Survey - November 10: Paper Surveys Collected Concurrently with this engagement, the Housing SLC team was collecting and analyzing quantitative data to generate a Housing Needs Analysis Report, meeting with community stakeholders in community working group meetings, and convening both an internal City steering committee with representatives from 14 City departments (including the Mayor’s Office staff, Council staff, and Redevelopment Agency (RDA) staff) and a City Policy team with representatives from Building Services, Business Licensing, Housing Stab ility, Planning, RDA, and Transportation. Refer to Appendix 2 – Housing Needs Analysis for a full report of engagement efforts and findings When combined with the TIP Phase I efforts, nearly 6,000 people responded to online and paper- based surveys (2,150 TIP, 3,831 Housing SLC) and an additional 559 individuals were engaged through in-person efforts (320 TIP, 239 Housing SLC). In addition to these numbers, there were other individuals engaged by the University of Utah students that may not have been captured in these counts (community council members and participants, focus group participants, etc.). Taken together, the engagement efforts and data analysis spanned nine months across both projects, reaching over 6,000 individuals, and providing a robust view of existing conditions, needs, and potential pathways forward. 4. Key Findings After reviewing the qualitative and quantitative data from engagement efforts and the quantitative data from the needs analysis report, six key findings emerged (in addition to the displacement-centric findings that emerged from TIP Phase I, which can be found at www.thrivinginplaceslc.org/what-we-heard-and-learned: A. Rental vacancy rates are low and home sale prices are unaffordable to most residents, putting strain on existing rental housing and causing rents to rise dramatically. At the end of 2021, rental vacancy rates were as low as 2.5 percent. While vacancy rates increased to 4.6% (July-September 2022), the low rates have caused upward pressure on rents. Between 2020 and 2022, median rents increased 11 percent annually, leading to an average increase of $321 per month ($3,852 annually) in Salt Lake County. With median home sale prices at $490,000 (2021), 72 percent of Salt Lake City households are unable to afford to purchase a home in the city, resulting in more people renting. B. Despite a housing construction boom, housing prices suggest a shortage of housing supply overall, but especially housing that is deeply affordable (affordable to renters earning 30% of area median income (AMI) or less), with demand for housing outpacing supply. Since 2017, 10,135 units have become available to rent in Salt Lake City. However, there are severe shortages of housing affordable to households earning more than 80 percent AMI and households earning less than 30 percent AMI (8,557 units short and 5,507 units short, respectively). C. Salt Lake City is majority renter, and more than half of all renters are cost burdened, spending more than 30 percent of their income on housing costs. Residents are concerned that there are few rights for and resources available to renters. Around 52 percent of all households in Salt Lake City rent, and this number is likely to increase over time as more for-rent housing is built in the city. In 2021, nearly 24,000 renters, over half of all renters, were cost burdened, with estimates that nearly 50 percent of cost-burdened renters have extremely low incomes. D. According to a survey of city residents, affordable housing and behavioral health services is preferred over additional emergency shelters and homeless resource centers as solutions for homelessness. Two-thirds of survey respondents selected housing for homeless individuals in their top three homeless services priorities, while only 41 percent (fourth out of six options) selected homeless resource centers and emergency shelters on the same question. E.There is a mismatch between the types of housing the market is producing and the needs of the community. Residents perceive that most new housing is “luxury” while many desire more affordability throughout the city. Additionally, residents want more “missing middle” housing and more family-sized ho using. When asked where they would like to see more affordable housing built, respondents expressed desires to have affordability throughout the city. Additionally, 62 percent of survey respondents selected creating new affordable housing for low-income residents as one of their top three housing priorities and 55 percent selected housing for individuals experiencing homelessness in their top three housing priorities. At each point of engagement (survey, in-person, Reddit AMA, focus groups, etc.) residents expressed concern that “all” new developments were luxury housing, with many wondering where they can find affordable housing and who the new housing is for. F.Wages have not kept pace with cost of living, especially housing-related costs, and residents are feeling increased stress about everyday expenses. Between 2005 and 2021, median wages increased by 19 percent and median household income increased by 29 percent. During that same period, median rent increased by 38 percent and median home values increased by 83 percent (all values adjusted for inflation). The minimum wage ($7.25/hour) has not increased since 2009. In survey responses, residents prioritized affordable and healthy food, affordable medical and dental clinics, and affordable childcare in their community at much higher rates than recreational and community amenities, and they selected free transit over road safety and better/more biking and walking paths. Taken together, these responses demonstrate a strong desire for increased affordability for everyday expenses. Collectivley, these key findings present a picture of housing in Salt Lake City and will serve as the basis for setting goals and strategies. 5. Proposed Next Steps and Timeline In an effort to maximize public engagement and avoid the confusion of having multiple housing- related plans open for public comment during the same period, the proposed timeline contemplates having TIP and Housing SLC move together through the adoption process. However, the Administration seeks direction on the Council’s preferred process. January/February Council briefing on Existing Conditions and Engagement Efforts for Housing SLC February A draft of Housing SLC, including the TIP policy recommendations, ready for public comment. This will commence the 45-day public comment period. Council briefing on Draft Plan Planning Commission briefing on Draft Plan March Planning Commission Public Hearing and Recommendation April - June City Council Public Hearing and Adoption June Housing SLC submission to State by June 30, 2023. Attachments Appendix 1 – Housing SLC Engagement Report Appendix 2 – Housing Needs Analysis Appendix 1 Housing SLC Engagement Report E N G A G E M E N T R E P O R T HOUSING SLC An Update to Salt Lake City's 5 Year Plan: S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Housing SLC Engagement Report Ruedigar Matthes, Project Manager Erik Fronberg Kyle Irvin Joelette Organista Rachel Paulsen Hannah Regan Jamie Stokes Housing SLC Project Team S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s i Department of Community and Neighborhoods Planning Housing Stability Transportation Youth and Family Services Department of Economic Development Salt Lake City Arts Council Department of Parks and Public Lands Department of Public Services Department of Public Utilities Department of Sustainability The Office of the City Council The Office of the Mayor The Redevelopment Agency of Salt Lake City Internal Working Group External Working Group AARP Alliance House Assist Utah Catholic Community Services Community Development Corporation of Utah Crossroads Urban Center Disability Law Center Giv Group International Rescue Committee Neighborhood House NeighborWorks People’s Legal Aid Pik2ar Salt Lake County Aging and Adult Services The Road Home University Neighborhood Partners Utah Community Action Utah League of Cities and Towns Wasatch Front Regional Council University of Utah College of City and Metropolitan Planning Dr. Caitlin Cahill, Assistant Professor Kate Ades Jeresun Atkin Leticia Karina Bennett Jason Berntson Vincent Carson CK Chae McCall Christensen Kaden Coil Meredith Covey Leota Coyne Connor Dahlquist Luiz De Santana Luz Justin Delgado Moira Dillow Emily Ercius Parviz Faiz Luis Garcia Plancarte Jasmine Garcia Joseph Geilman Lucas Horns Hyojeong Ko Kristofer Land Virgil Lund Taylor Maguire Ann Marie McNamara McKay Muhlestein Joshua Rebello Daniel Ritter Ana Shinzato Shreya Shrestha Ryan Smith Alex Stewart Connor Stone Justice Propser Tuffour Oliva Ann Vielstich Julie Williams TABLE OF CONTENTS Housing SLC Engagement Report Introduction 0101 Top Takeaways0202 Timeline 0303 Engagement Methods & Outcomes 0404 Next Steps3636 ii 05. In-Person Engagement Methods 11. Online Engagement Methods 12. Hybrid Engagement Methods 14. Basic Survey Results 18. Survey Demographic Trends 28. Survey Demographics 31. Survey Drop Box Locations 32. Survey Comment Summary S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s Appendix3737 INTRODUCTION Housing SLC Engagement Report The issue of housing is perhaps the most frequently discussed topic among local policymakers and residents. As the City’s previous plan, Growing SLC, nears expiration, Salt Lake City is preparing to create a new affordable housing plan for 2023-2028 called Housing SLC. The City began public engagement in July of 2022 to continue to build understanding of the challenges surrounding housing. Taking a holistic approach, the project team asked the public questions not only about physical sheltering, but also about factors contributing to a sense of community and livability within their neighborhoods. The Project Team utilized multiple methods of engagement including: organizing pop-up events, tabling at local festivals, administering paper and online surveys, posting to social media, attending housing specific-functions, and hosting focus groups. In addition, planning students at the University of Utah were assigned various outreach efforts. Special attention was given to reaching Spanish-speakers, with all event advertisements and surveys being available in Spanish and Spanish speaking staff and partners at events the Project Team hosted. Members of the public share their vision for their neighborhood at the International Peace Gardens on July 28th, 2022. 01Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s This engagement emerged from and built upon the engagement and data analysis conducted through Thriving in Place. A full report of those engagement efforts can be found here. These efforts resulted in engagement with approximately 4,070 individuals between August and November of 2022. What follows is detailed descriptions of engagement methods and the feedback received. These findings will guide the creation of policies and plans for Housing SLC. TOP TAKEAWAYS Housing SLC Engagement Report Development for All Salt Lakers: Whether via survey or in-person conversation, the public consistently mentioned the proliferation of luxury apartment buildings in Salt Lake City. Residents are concerned Salt Lake City's development is geared towards high-income earners instead of families with children, students, seniors, and those who work at local businesses and schools. 11 44 Housing for Those Experiencing Homelessness: For respondents, housing was a more popular solution to homelessness than homeless resource centers/emergency shelters. Homelessness was the second most frequent topic of feedback on the qualitative portion of the Housing SLC survey, with most participants citing the need for more behavioral health and treatment options for the unsheltered. 33 Cost of Living Stress: Both the in-person mapping activity (Page 05) and the Housing SLC survey (Page 13) showcased the public's desire for better and more connected transportation options and greater access to affordable and healthy food. At the heart of this feedback was mounting stress about everyday expenses. 55 Equity: A major concern for participants is geographic equity. In their view, affordable housing should be distributed throughout the city to minimize the impact of gentrification and displacement on the Westside in particular. Residents expressed frustration with what they saw as development in a vacuum: the addition of new housing but the disruption of neighborhood businesses and grocery stores in the process. Furthermore, participants felt the new housing added to historically marginalized areas is often too expensive for locals to afford. Similarly, they felt projects and resources aimed at tackling homelessness should be more evenly distributed. 22 More Help for Renters: Many who participated expressed desperation about their housing situation and/or frustration with what they saw as unfair increases in rent. Members of the public suggested improvements to the City's Good Landlord Program (Landlord Tenant Initiative), increased education about rental resources/affordable housing, and rent control. 02Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s TIMELINE Housing SLC Engagement Report July 28th: Engagement Kick-Off August 9th: Beginning of Event Tabling August 10th: Online Survey Launch August 12th: Paper Surveys Distributed September 8th: Film Screening September 6th: Reddit Ask Me Anything September 24th: End of Event Tabling October 19th: Renters' Rights Event October 31st: Close of Online Survey November 10th: Paper Surveys Collected 03Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s ENGAGEMENT METHODSAND OUTCOMES Housing SLC Engagement Report 04Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s Legend Affordable and Healthy Food Affordable Housing Early Childhood Education/Childcare Community Gathering Spaces Affordable Medical and Dental Clinics Parks Transportation Features IN-PERSON METHODS: MAPPING VISION Housing SLC Engagement Report 05 To view a web version of the map, with the ability to filter points, click here. The Housing SLC Project team attended multiple events around Salt Lake City to ask residents: If you could add anything to your neighborhood, what would it be? Participants were asked to select a colored pin corresponding to specific amenities, and place the pin on a map of Salt Lake City where they felt the need for that amenity was highest. Residents would like to see affordable housing spread throughout the City, but also in their own neighborhoods so they can continue living in them. Pins indicating a hope for improved transportation were clustered along 2100 South and along freeways. Parents on the Westside emphasized the need for a high school in their area. Residents strongly indicated their desire for more green space in the Ballpark area. Affordable housing was the most popular selection, followed by affordable/healthy food. Transportation and Parks were the third most popular selections. Key Takeaways Vision Map Responses S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s IN-PERSON METHODS: MAPPING VISION Housing SLC Engagement Report The project team chose to attend events based on their probability of including residents whom the City might typically miss when gathering feedback. The two pop-up events shown on the map, at the International Peace Gardens and Liberty Park, were hosted by the Housing SLC project team as a way to meet people where they were. 06 At pop-up events, the project team gave away free popsicles and talked with residents about their neighborhoods. Pop-up events were advertised as family- friendly in both English and Spanish on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Reddit. Spanish speaking staff and community partners were also present to engage with our Spanish speaking community. Event & Pop-up Locations S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s On September 8th, Housing SLC hosted a screening of PUSH, a film about the financialization of housing worldwide. The screening was largely advertised on social media and through word of mouth. Intended as an an opportunity to educate the public and stimulate discussion about housing in Salt Lake City, the project team led an open discussion following the film. IN-PERSON METHODS: FILM SCREENING Housing SLC Engagement Report Attendees noted the trend of long-time residents being pushed out of Salt Lake City. Attendees mentioned how current types of development the market is producing aren't their needs or the needs of people who work for our small businesses. Attendees expressed a desire for greater renter protections and landlord accountability. Key Takeaways Lessons Learned: Attendance was low at our screening, suggesting the need for greater advertising and/or the inaccessibility of the event. Many Salt Lakers don't have time to attend a 2.5 hour event on a weeknight. 07Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s On October 19th, Housing SLC hosted a renter's resource night in partnership with Utah Department of Workforce Services, the Disability Law Center, Utah Community Action, People's Legal Aid, Utah Legal Services, Alliance Community Services, and the Utah League of Women Voters. The project team advertised the event on social media in English, Spanish, Somali, Tongan, Chinese, and Korean. The team also put up flyers at locations around the city advertising the event in English and Spanish. The event itself offered Spanish and ASL interpretation. Community partners connected with residents and also participated in a short panel about renting, communication with landlords, and evictions. While the event was geared towards connecting renters with resources, the project team also interviewed attendees about their experiences with renting in Salt Lake City. Page 1o includes excerpts from two of the interviews. IN-PERSON METHODS: RENTER'S RESOURCE NIGHT Housing SLC: Engagement Report 08Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s “I have applied for every place you could imagine on the internet. They either don’t call you or they say you’re on a waiting list that never calls. And they have programs for felons — felon friendly — but they’re really not... They say 'Well do you have any drug charges?' Mine are like 7 years old and I’m still being held for them. I’m not from this town. I’m from the country. I don’t fit in here and I can’t even get out of here. And it’s just a depressing struggle." IN-PERSON METHODS: RENTERS' RESOURCE NIGHT Housing SLC Engagement Report "Currently, we are on a month-to-month lease and our landlord is renovating, and because of [an] eviction notice from 2015 that should never exist and their continuing to dismiss our entire experience as if that hasn’t impacted every breath I’ve taken since then, we’re going to be displaced again and I am stuck. I don’t know. I don’t know what to do about that." 09Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s On September 6th, Housing SLC hosted a Reddit Ask Me Anything (AMA) about the City's new housing plan. The project team, plus the City's experts on housing and homelessness, convened to answer questions from the public. The public left 121 questions/comments and the AMA post, hosted on the SaltLakeCity Subreddit Page, received 81,000 views. ONLINE METHODS: REDDIT AMA Housing SLC Engagement Report Participants would like to see improvements to the City's Good Landlord Program (Landlord Tenant Initiative). Worries about affordability abound - respondents mentioned the number of luxury units being built which they view as inaccessible to the majority of residents. Participants are interested in seeing rent control implemented. Environmental concerns were also at the forefront of the AMA. Will housing even matter if the Great Salt Lake drys up? Key Takeaways 10Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s HYBRID METHODS:FOCUS GROUPS Housing SLC Engagement Report Senior Residents LGBTQIA+ Pacific Islanders Alliance Community Services Glendale Community Housing Nonprofit Leaders City Personnel Small Business Owners Residents w/ Substance Abuse Disorders Youth Experiencing Homelessness Access to Food X X Access to Housing Information X X X X X Affordability X X X X X X X X X Aging in Place X Different Levels of Gov Involvement X X X Displacement X X X X X Equity X X X Gentrification X X Housing Variety X X X X Local Business Support X X X X Minority Inclusion X X Neighborhood Amenities X X X X Neighborhood Safety X X Transportation X X X X In partnership with planning students from the University of Utah, Housing SLC hosted 9 focus groups. The focus groups were geared towards understanding the community's experience with housing and hearing suggestions about what the new housing plan could confront. While focus group questions differed slightly, major themes emerged. The chart below illustrates community groups' concerns and suggested solutions. ISSUES: GROUPS: WHAT ISSUES SHOULD HOUSING SLC ADDRESS? 11Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s The survey opened in August of 2022. The online version was promoted on social media networks including Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Reddit, as well as through City newsletters and staff networks. The paper version was distributed at community centers such as homeless resource centers and libraries (see page 31 for full list of locations.) Paper versions of the survey were available in English, Spanish, and Mandarin (at 1 location, upon request.) 287 people filled out a paper version of the survey, with 10 completing it in Spanish. 3,542 people completed the online version of the survey, with 15 completing it in Spanish. Of the online responses, 759 were geo- tagged as originating from Salt Lake City proper. The survey did not prompt participants to provide their location, so geo-tagged location data gives us the best estimate of district-by-district participation. Still, the geo-tags are an imprecise measure. A participant may have taken the survey at work in District 4 but may actually reside in District 2. Due to this issue, basic results are displayed for the total respondents, geotagged Salt Lake City respondents, and paper survey respondents. HYBRID METHODS: SURVEY Housing SLC Engagement Report GEOGRAPHIC OV ER VIEW O F R ESPOND ENTS (TOTAL ONLINE RES PON DENTS ) District 1 District 2 District 3 District 4 District 5 District 6 District 7 200 150 100 50 0 RE SPONDE NTS BY CITY C OUN C IL DISTRI CT (CO LLEC TE D TH ROUG H GEO-TA GGE D LOCAT ION DATA) 12 Inclusion of all responses, regardless of geo- location, allows us to account for Salt Lakers who have been displaced to other areas of the County, and non-residents who work in the city. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s Total R SLC R Paper 0%25%50%75% New affordable housing for low-income individuals Housing for people experiencing homelessness Access to home ownership Preserve existing affordable housing Renter protections, programs, and services Rent and utility assistance Housing support for seniors Housing repair programs WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SERVICES IN HOUSING SHOULD BE SALT LAKE CITY’S TOP PRIORITY? Respondents were asked to select their top three priorities. 2,385 individuals or 62% of total respondents selected new affordable housing for low-income individuals as part of their top three. BASIC RESULTS Housing SLC Engagement Report 13Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s To maximize our response rate and avoid fatiguing the public with similar surveys, the Housing SLC Team partnered with Housing Stability to create one housing-related survey. While the Housing SLC team sought feedback to inform Housing SLC, Housing Stability’s efforts centered on the best approach to Housing and Urban Development (HUD) requirements, including where funds should be spent. Survey questions should be viewed with this dual purpose in mind. Respondents were asked to select their top three priorities. 3,066 or 80% of total respondents selected free transit passes as part of their top three. W H I C H O F T H E F O L L O W I N G T R A N S P O R T A T I O N S E R V I C E S S H O U L D B E S A L T L A K E C I T Y ’S T O P P R I O R I T Y ? Total R SLC R Paper 0%25%50%75%100% Free transit passes More bike and walking paths Bus stop improvements on the west side Increased road safety in neighborhoods More bike rack stations on the west side W H I C H O F T H E F O L L O W I N G S E R I C E S I N B U I L D I N G C O M M U N I T Y S T R E N G T H S H O U L D B E S A L T L A K E C I T Y 'S T O P P R I O R I T Y ? Respondents were asked to select their top three priorities. 2,435 or 63% of total respondents selected affordable medical/dental clinics as part of their top three. Total Online R SLC Online R Paper 0%25%50%75% Affordable medical/dental clinics Affordable and healthy foods Early childhood education and childcare Recreation opportunities Community gathering spaces and learning centers Job training programs Computer/internet access and technology training Improve store fronts for small businesses Small business loans BASIC RESULTS Housing SLC Engagement Report 14Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SERVICES IN HOMELESS SERVICES SHOULD BE SALT LAKE CITY’S TOP PRIORITY? Respondents were asked to select their top three priorities. 2,536 or 66 % of total respondents included housing for people experiencing homeless in their top three priorities. Total Online R SLC Online R Paper 0%25%50%75% Housing for people experiencing homelessness Basic needs items/services for individuals living on the street Job opportunities and training programs Homeless resource centers/emergency shelters Medical and dental care Case management for housing programs WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEHAVIORAL HEALTH SERVICES SHOULD BE SALT LAKE CITY’S TOP PRIORITY? Respondents were asked to select their top three priorities. 2,802 or 73% of total respondents included treatment, counseling, and case management in their top three priorities. Total Online R SLC Online R Paper 0%25%50%75% Treatment, counseling, and case management Housing with behavioral treatment Affordable medical and dental clinics Public restrooms and water stations Needle exchange and Naloxone clinics BASIC RESULTS Housing SLC Engagement Report 15Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s BASIC RESULTS Housing SLC Engagement Report Neighborhood Total Votes SLC Only Votes Ballpark 1837 421 Fairpark 1488 363 Glendale 1679 337 Poplar Grove 1391 374 TOP WESTSIDE NEIGHBORHOODS TO RECEIVE ASSISTANCE Respondents were asked to select their top three priority areas. Due to space constraints, this question was not included on paper versions of the survey. 16Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS Housing SLC Engagement Report 17 Updates to Salt Lake City's housing plan shouldn't be made based on one group's preferences. To get a clearer picture of the trends showcased above, we now further process the data by examining how income, age, and race and ethnicity correspond to survey answers. Breaking down demographic trends allows us to see whether or not trends are skewed towards a certain group or whether there is broad consensus among Salt Lakers on their vision for the City. AgeIncome Race & Ethnicity While the above graphs showed responses broken down into three separate groups, (total online respondents, geo-tagged SLC online respondents, and paper respondents), the following graphs are based on total online and paper responses. All received responses are combined in order to increase the sample size from which to make inferences about patterns in the data. With further analysis of each of these prioritized groups, we present key takeaways regarding the following categories: Housing Community Building Transportation Area to Help Behavioral Health Homeless Services S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s PRIORITIES BY INCOME:KEY TAKEAWAYS Housing SLC Engagement Report 18 Housing: New affordable housing for low-income residents and housing for people experiencing homelessness were the top two priorities across all income brackets, with those making less than $50,000 most supportive of new affordable housing. Providing access to home ownership was the third most popular priority for all respondents making more than $25,000. Community Building: Affordable medical/dental clinics, affordable/healthy food, and early childhood education/childcare were the top three priorities across all income brackets. Transportation: Free transit passes was the most frequently selected priority across all income brackets, with support lessening as respondent income increased. Support for adding cycling and walking paths increased as income increased. Homeless Services: Respondents across all income brackets most often selected housing for people experiencing homelessness as one of their top priorities. Area to Help: Helping the Ballpark neighborhood was the most popular choice for respondents across income brackets, except for those making $24,999 or less, who were more supportive of helping Downtown. Behavioral Health: Treatment, counseling, and case management was the most frequently selected priority across all income brackets. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s PRIORITIES BY INCOME Housing SLC Engagement Report HOUSING $0-$14,999 $15,000 -$24,999 $25,00-$49,000 $50,000 - $74,999 $75,000 - $99.999 $100,000 - $150,000- $150,000 $150,00 + 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% TRANSPORTATION Housing for the Unhoused Access to Ownership New Affordable Housing Preserve Housing Renter Protections Rent/Utility Assistance Housing Repair Programs Housing Support for Seniors 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% Computer Access Recreation Affordable/ Healthy Food Community Spaces Affordable Medical/ Dental Job Training Early Childhood Education Improve Storefronts Small Business Loans COMMUNITY BUILDING More Bike Racks on the West Side Increase Road Safety Bike and Walking Paths Free Transit Passes Better Bus Stops on the West Side 19Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s $0-$14,999 $15,000 -$24,999 $25,00-$49,000 $50,000 - $74,999 $75,000 - $99.999 $100,000 - $150,000- $150,000 $150,00 + 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 75% 50% 25% 0% 20 PRIORITIES BY INCOME Housing SLC Engagement Report HOMELESSNESS BEHAVIORAL HEALTH Downtown Poplar Grove Glendale Central City Fairpark Liberty Wells Jordan Meadows Ballpark Central 9th AREA TO HELP Housing for the Unhoused Case Management for Housing Programs Resource Centers/Shelters Job Opportunities Basic Needs Items/Services for the Unhoused Medical/Dental Care Housing with Behavioral Treatment Treatment, Counseling, Case Management Public Restrooms/ Water Stations Affordable Medical/Dental Clinics Needle Exchange/ Naloxone Clinics 20 Respondents Per Income Level $0 - 14,999: 327 $15,000 - 24,999: 372 $25,000 - 49,999: 814 $50,000 - 74,999: 644 $75,000 - 100,000: 446 $100,000 - 150,000: 357 S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s PRIORITIES BY AGE:KEY TAKEAWAYS Housing SLC Engagement Report 21 Housing: Respondents across each age category most frequently selected new affordable housing for low-income residents as a top priority, though support decreased as respondent age increased. Those 18-21 were most likely to support rent/utility assistance, while those over 61 were most likely to support housing for seniors. Community Building: Affordable/healthy food and affordable medical/dental clinics were the top two priorities across all age groups, with younger respondents most strongly supportive. Older respondents were more supportive of job training programs and computer access and training than younger respondents. Transportation: Free transit passes was the most popular response across all age categories, with the level of support decreasing as age increased. Support for increasing road safety in neighborhoods increased as respondent age increased. Homeless Services: Respondents across age categories most frequently selected housing for people experiencing homelessness as one of their top priorities, though providing basic needs items for those living on the street was about equally important as housing for those 18-21. Behavioral Health: Treatment, counseling, and case management was the most frequently selected priority for respondents in each age category. Area to Help: Younger respondents were more supportive of helping Downtown, while older respondents were more supportive of helping the Ballpark neighborhood. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s PRIORITIES BY AGE Housing SLC Engagement Report 18-21 22-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61+ 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% HOUSING Housing for the Unhoused Access to Ownership New Affordable Housing Preserve Housing Renter Protections Housing Support for Seniors Rent/Utility Assistance Housing Repair Programs 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% TRANSPORTATION COMMUNITY BUILDING 22 Computer Access Recreation Affordable/ Healthy Food Community Spaces Affordable Medical/ Dental Job Training Early Childhood Education Improve Storefronts Small Business Loans More Bike Racks on the West Side Increase Road Safety Bike and Walking Paths Free Transit Passes Better Bus Stops on the West Side S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s 75% 50% 25% 0% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 75% 50% 25% 0% HOMELESSNESS BEHAVIORAL HEALTH AREA TO HELP PRIORITIES BY AGE Housing SLC Engagement Report 23 Housing for the Unhoused Case Management for Housing Programs Resource Centers/Shelters Job Opportunities Basic Needs Items/Services for the Unhoused Medical/Dental Care Downtown Poplar Grove Glendale Central City Fairpark Liberty Wells Jordan Meadows Ballpark Central 9th Housing with Behavioral Treatment Treatment, Counseling, Case Management Public Restrooms/ Water Stations Affordable Medical/Dental Clinics Needle Exchange/ Naloxone Clinics 18 - 21: 552 22 - 30: 1438 31 - 40: 831 41 - 50: 403 51 - 60: 193 61 or Older: 210 Respondents Per Age Group S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s PRIORITIES BY RACE &ETHNICITY:KEY TAKEAWAYS Housing SLC Engagement Report 24 Housing: New affordable housing for low income residents was the top choice across all racial and ethnic groups, followed by housing for people experiencing homelessness. Community Building: Affordable medical/dental clinics, healthy/affordable food, and early childhood education/childcare were the top priorities for all racial and ethnic groups. Respondents identifying as Hispanic or Latino supported medical/dental clinics most strongly, with 71% citing it as a priority. Those identifying as American Indian/Alaskan Native were most supportive of early childhood education, with 63% citing it as a priority. Transportation: Respondents across all racial and ethnic groups selected free transit passes as their top transportation priority. Homeless Services: Housing for people experiencing homelessness was the top priority for all racial and ethnic groups except for those identifying as Hispanic/Latino, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and African American/Black, who most frequently selected job training programs as their top priority. Behavioral Health: Respondents across all racial and ethnic groups selected treatment, counseling, and case management as their top priority. Area to Help: Those identifying as White, Asian, and/or Other and those who preferred not to say were more likely to support helping the Ballpark neighborhood. Those identifying as Hispanic or Latino, African American or Black, American Indian or Alaska Native, and/or Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander were more likely to say they supported helping Glendale. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s PRIORITIES BY RACE &ETHNICITY Housing SLC Engagement Report HOUSING African American or Black American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Hispanic or Latino (Of Any Race) Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander White Prefer Not to Say Other 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% 75% 50% 25% 0% COMMUNITY BUILDING TRANSPORTATION 25 More Bike Racks on the West Side Increase Road Safety Bike and Walking Paths Free Transit Passes Better Bus Stops on the West Side Computer Access Recreation Affordable/ Healthy Food Community Spaces Affordable Medical/ Dental Job Training Early Childhood Education Improve Storefronts Small Business Loans Housing for the Unhoused Access to Ownership New Affordable Housing Preserve Housing Renter Protections Housing Support for Seniors Rent/Utility Assistance Housing Repair Programs S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 75% 50% 25% 0% HOMELESSNESS BEHAVIORAL HEALTH AREA TO HELP PRIORITIES BY RACE &ETHNICITY Housing SLC Engagement Report 26 Housing with Behavioral Treatment Treatment, Counseling, Case Management Public Restrooms/ Water Stations Affordable Medical/Dental Clinics Needle Exchange/ Naloxone Clinics Respondents Per Race & Ethnicity (alone or in combination) African American or Black : 102 American Indian or Alaska Native: 65 Hispanic or Latino: 715 Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander: 37 Asian: 115 White: 2571 Prefer Not to Say: 174 Other: 62 Downtown Poplar Grove Glendale Central City Fairpark Liberty Wells Jordan Meadows Ballpark Central 9th S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s African American or Black American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Hispanic or Latino (of Any Race)Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander White Prefer Not to Say Other 75% 50% 25% 0% Housing for the Unhoused Case Management for Housing Programs Resource Centers/Shelters Job Opportunities Basic Needs Items/Services for the Unhoused Medical/Dental Care DEMOGRAPHICS Housing SLC Engagement Report Total R SLC R Paper R 18-21 22-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61 or older 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Total R SLC R Paper R Men Women Non-Binary/Third Gender Prefer to self describe Prefer to not say Other 60% 40% 20% 0% PARTICIPANT AGE PARTICIPANT GENDER 27Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s Total R: Demographics of all survey respondents, including online and paper. SLC R: Demographics of only online respondents whose answers were geotagged as originating in Salt Lake City Paper R: Demographics of only respondents who answered using a paper survey Total R Census SLC R Paper R 0%25%50%75%100% Black or African American American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Hispanic or Latino (of any race) Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander White Prefer not to say Other DEMOGRAPHICS Housing SLC Engagement Report PARTICIPANT RACE & ETHNICITY Respondents were allowed to select as many races and ethnicities as they felt represented them. Based on federal guidelines for combination of categories, the totals below represent each race or ethnicity alone or in combination with another race or ethnicity. 28Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s Total R: Race and ethnicity of all survey respondents, including online and paper. Census: Race and ethnicity of Salt Lake City residents according to the Census Bureau's American Community Survey 1 Year Estimates Data Profile, 20221. Totals reflect race/ethnicity alone or in combination with another race/ethnicity. SLC R: Race and ethnicity of only online respondents whose answers were geotagged as originating in Salt Lake City Paper R: Race and ethnicity of only respondents who answered using a paper survey Total R SLC R $0 - $14,999 $15,000 - $24,999 $25,000 - $49,999 $50,000 - $74,999 $75,000 - $100,000 $100,000 - $150,000 $150,000+ 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% PARTICIPANT INCOME LEVEL This question was not included on paper versions of the survey. DEMOGRAPHICS Housing SLC Engagement Report 29 PARTICIPANT LIVING STATUS This question was not included on paper versions of the survey . Total R SLC R 0%20%40%60% Rent Own Living with Family or Friends Living at a Homless Resource Center Living at a Treatment Facility Living on the Street Other S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s Total R: Demographics of all survey respondents, including online and paper. SLC R: Demographics of only online respondents whose answers were geotagged as originating in Salt Lake City Paper R: Demographics of only respondents who answered using a paper survey DROP BOX LOCATIONS Housing SLC Engagement Report St Vincent De Paul Dining Hall- 42 Responses Gail Miller Resource Center - 12 Responses Homeless Youth Resource Center - 14 Responses Resource Centers Events Utah Support Advocates for Recovery Awareness Event- 50 Responses Groove in the Grove - 28 Responses Homeless Resource Fair at Library Square - 17 Responses Libraries Corinne & Jack Sweet Branch - 18 Responses Anderson-Foothill Branch- 17 Responses Sprague Branch - 16 Responses Main Library- 10 Responses Day-Riverside Branch - 9 Responses Marmalade Branch- 8 Responses Glendale Branch Library - 6 Responses Chapman Branch - 5 Responses Community Gathering Spaces Sorenson Unity Center -13 Responses Suazo Business Center - 8 Responses River's Bend Senior Center - 2 Responses 30 Deeply Affordable Housing First Step House - 10 Responses Valor House -2 Responses S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s Respondents to the Housing SLC survey were given space to provide qualitative feedback on any topic of their choosing. The most commonly mentioned topics are listed below in alphabetical order, along with a summaries of the prevailing sentiments on each topic. See our website for a complete listing of qualitative comments. COMMENT SUMMARY Housing SLC Engagement Report 31 ACCESSIBILITY: Respondents brought up accessibility in all of its meanings. Participants hoped transportation, laundromats and community centers/programs for the disabled, seniors and low-income residents could become more accessible to the community. They also expressed support for more ADA accessible walkways and public spaces. AFFORDABLE HOUSING: Affordable housing came up more than any other topic on the survey. Respondents expressed a need for affordable housing for low- and middle-income residents, especially families, seniors, and students. The consensus was that much of the recent development in Salt Lake has been luxury high-rise apartment complexes, which do not meet the needs of residents. Instead, respondents expressed a desire for affordable housing close to city resources, especially public transit, which could eventually allow residents to save enough to purchase their own homes. Participants commonly shared their view that any programs, aid, housing, etc., prioritize current Utah residents and not wealthy transplants from other states. They also expressed a desire for more affordable housing spread throughout the city and the expansion of current housing assistance programs. BUILDING TYPE: Respondents referencing building type emphasized their desire to see fewer luxury apartments. They stressed the unaffordable nature of luxury units and worried developers wouldn't consider average living expenses in their pricing. Respondents were mixed on their desire to preserve single family homes and their desire to increase density throughout Salt Lake City. Mostly, respondents hoped to see more housing options besides single-family detached homes and large-scale apartment complexes. COMMUNITY: Respondents expressed a desire to feel a deeper sense of belonging in the community. To create a sense of belonging, respondents suggested more community meetings/centers, accessible spaces with longer opening hours to allow neighbors to support each other, and prioritizing the community's children, seniors, and refugees. Some respondents saw a need for greater opportunities to teach and learn other languages. DEVELOPMENT: Respondents who mentioned development echoed those who highlighted Affordable Housing and Zoning. Many participants supported zoning changes to remove most areas of single-family zoning and increasing the supply of affordable housing. Respondents also suggested repurposing abandoned buildings for housing or grocery stores. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s COMMENT SUMMARY Housing SLC Engagement Report 32 EAST-WEST: Participants would like to see more unity between the East and West sides of Salt Lake City. They'd like to see City leaders foster more social interactions between East and West and create more bike lanes and transit options to better connect the city. Respondents called for greater geographic balance in regards to homeless resource distribution, more equal housing distribution throughout the city, better transportation services, and more equitable maintenance priorities. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: Those who mentioned economic development were concerned about the destruction of small businesses, the need for an increased minimum wage, transitional living skills programs, and assistance programs for families. The other major concern related to homelessness and concerns that economic development cannot continue until the root issues of homelessness are fixed. Respondents suggested rehabilitation centers and providing training and skills development for those experiencing homelessness. EDUCATION: Respondents mentioned two major threads when discussing education. The first thread emphasized public awareness and education about homelessness - the causes and prevention methods. Participants would like to see more public awareness about resources (job programs, health services, and health care) available to the unsheltered. The second education thread regards children’s education. Respondents would like to see teachers paid more, safer schools, and free meals for children. ENVIRONMENT: Respondents were very concerned about the Great Salt Lake drying up. Preserving the watershed, protecting trees, and improving air quality were also top environmental priorities for respondents. FAMILY: Many respondents expressed the need for affordable childcare options and increased quality of children's education. Respondents were also concerned about housing costs pushing families out of the City. FOOD ACCESS: Respondents saw a need for more affordable food access. They related food access to the increase in housing costs, as respondents generally felt like they cannot afford basic necessities. Some suggested community gardens and pantries, plus the development of grocery stores throughout the city to combat food deserts and to increase walkability. GREEN SPACE: Participants desired increased access to green space and parks throughout the city, whether through increased public transportation to connect to existing natural areas or by the creation of more green space. Respondents also expressed a desire for more trees and nature integrated into the city, both to beautify the city and to keep it cool. Some respondents requested more community gardens and outdoor recreation areas. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s COMMENT SUMMARY Housing SLC Engagement Report 33 HOMELESSNESS: Homelessness was the second most popular feedback topic, behind only affordable housing. Respondents commented on a perceived increase in encampments and individuals experiencing homelessness throughout the city and requested programs and services to respond to the increase in need. Many suggested designated camping areas and increased access to shelters, while a few respondents requested stricter enforcement of camping laws. The issue is closely related to tenants’ rights, as many have become homeless because of increased housing costs. Respondents requested a rental assistance program to keep individuals in their homes. Many respondents connected the perceived increase in homelessness to an increase in illicit drug activity, sharing safety concerns and expressing a need for more mental and behavioral health services and rehabilitation programs. While some respondents requested more police presence in response to the issue, many more requested increased social services and case managers for individuals with substance abuse disorders. Please see Programs, Services, and Maintenance for some other concerns on homelessness. HOMEOWNERSHIP: Respondents' sentiments about homeownership were centered on increasing regulation on corporate homeownership and the creation of first-time buyer programs prioritizing Utah residents. Similar to ideas expressed in the the Tenants' Rights category, respondents believe rent is so high that households cannot afford to save for a down payment, which compounds the already-limited ownership opportunities in Salt Lake City. HOUSING: Respondents who mentioned housing shared similar thoughts as those who discussed Homeownership, Building Type, and Affordable Housing. Respondents expressed a need for affordable housing for low- and middle-income households, higher density outside of downtown, preservation of currently affordable units, increased multi-use zoning, and regulation of short-term rentals. MAINTENANCE: Comments on maintenance were closely related to Services, Programs, and Homelessness. Respondents wanted a cleaner city, including cleaner streets and parks. Many respondents connected trash issues with encampments, others just requested increased litter pickup throughout the city. There were also many comments about the need for road and sidewalk repairs. MISCELLANEOUS: This topic encompasses comments difficult to place or themes not mentioned enough to merit their own category. Respondents expressed concern about the state of facilities in the city and shared the need for more public restrooms. Some respondents were frustrated with the perceived arduous processes of getting development projects approved. Participants also advocated for lowering property taxes and taxing vacant units and units not occupied by owners. Many mentioned keeping housing and assisted living programs affordable for seniors. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s COMMENT SUMMARY Housing SLC Engagement Report 34 PROGRAMS: Respondents expressed a need for more rental assistance, drug rehabilitation, disability assistance, job training, and medical bill assistance programs. Such comments imply that respondents cannot afford basic necessities and are in need of financial assistance to get back on their feet. SAFETY: Respondents who mentioned safety reported a decreased feeling of security, linking it to the perceived increased unsheltered population in the city. Some hope to see increased accountability for those using illicit drugs and living on the street, while others asked the city to provide more services to prevent drug-related safety concerns from happening in the first place. Respondents also mentioned a desire for more lighting throughout the city, protected bike lanes, and resources for victims of sexual assault and abuse. SERVICES: Sentiments expressed about services were similar to those expressed about Programs and Homelessness. Respondents requested more affordable and accessible behavioral and mental health programs and rehabilitation programs with case management. Program suggestions also included basic hygiene resources, rental assistance, and job trainings along with food, shelter, and other direct services. Some participants highlighted the need to help single-parent, refugee, and immigrant families with affordable childcare and job training, emphasizing the need for access in a variety of languages. The expansion of libraries was also suggested. TRANSPORTATION: Among those providing comment about transportation, public transit was mentioned most frequently, with many expressing a desire for free or lower-fare transit, increased frequency of service, and expansion of services throughout the city. Other themes included road improvements, pedestrian and cyclist safety, and walkability. Participants suggested road improvements including fixing potholes, developing solutions for congestion, and traffic light system repairs. Many respondents said they didn't feel safe while walking and biking. Respondents expressed a desire for the city to become more walkable to reduce road congestion, pollution, and overall reliance on cars. TENANTS' RIGHTS: Tenants' rights and rental assistance came up throughout the qualitative comments. Three main policy/program suggestions came up: rent control, rental assistance programs, and eviction protections. In terms of eviction protections, many respondents requested access to or funding for legal counsel. Respondents also expressed frustration at a lack of landlord accountability, sharing that their landlords have been unresponsive to their requests for improvements. The overall sentiment from respondents is that rent has become too expensive and that landlords are raising rents by hundreds of dollars each year, seemingly without reason or regulation. Another feeling shared by many respondents was that they are locked into renting and have few pathways to ownership. ZONING: Respondents expressed a desire for higher density and mixed-use zoning throughout the city to promote affordability and walkability. Some respondents would like to see process improvements to make it easier to build high-density housing. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s The first draft of Housing SLC, Salt Lake City's affordable housing plan for 2023- 2028, will be available for public feedback in early 2023. Based on comments received during the public comment period, updates will be made to Housing SLC before it is presented to the Planning Commission and City Council. After necessary changes are made, the plan will be presented to the Salt Lake City Council for proposed adoption. NEXT STEPS Housing SLC Engagement Report Public Engagement Round 2 Public Engagement Round 1 Analysis of Engagement, Creation of New Housing Plan Second Draft of Housing Plan Council Review and Proposed Adoption 35Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s APPENDIX Housing SLC Engagement Report 36Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s In addition to assistance with focus groups, graduate students in the College of Metropolitan and City Planning at the University of Utah conducted outreach centered on Salt Lake City's Westside communities, those experiencing homelessness, and specific housing interventions. Students' engagement efforts took place during the Fall of 2022. Along with key takeaways, outreach efforts also resulted in guides, maps and toolkits residents and policymakers can use to better understand our community. The supplemental materials can be viewed on our website at https://www.slc.gov/can/housing-slc/. MIDDLE SCHOOL ENGAGEMENT University of Utah planning students spoke with Glendale Middle School students about the Glendale neighborhood, the housing crisis, and other community issues. Students in four classes and one after school program, 104 Youth, were asked to share their experiences through cause-and-effect trees and poetry. The 6th and 7th graders were keenly aware of the changing community dynamics borne out in Salt Lake City’s Thriving in Place study: gentrification and displacement. With the help of Truth Cypher, Glendale Middle School and 104 Youth, roughly 112 students were engaged. Inequality and racism in Salt Lake City were frequently discussed. Students felt fearful of surveillance and perceived a gap in the materials/opportunities afforded to them versus Eastside students. Environmental issues, ranging from air pollution to litter, were at the forefront of students’ minds. Students noted recent closures of local businesses to make way for large apartment buildings in their community and worried future generations wouldn’t care for Glendale. The rising costs of rent, utilities, and medical and grocery bills alarmed the students. Students celebrated their families, friends and places that make Glendale special, Jordan Park chief among highlighted locations. Key Takeaways APPENDIX Housing SLC Engagement Report 37Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s SPECIFIC HOUSING INTERVENTIONS: ACCESSORY DWELLING UNITS, COMMUNITY LAND TRUSTS, PEOPLE’S LEGAL AID During the Fall of 2022, University of Utah planning students hosted information sessions and discussions about three housing-related topics: Accessory Dwelling Units (ADU), Community Land Trusts (CLT), and People's Legal Aid (PLA) for renters. The purpose of each session was to raise awareness and glean feedback on housing solutions. Students heard from 10 Westside residents about ADUs, 40 community leaders about Community Land Trusts, and 22 renters and landlords about People’s Legal Aid, a legal service for those dealing with eviction and other housing issues. ADU: Salt Lake City must improve communication between decision-makers and Westside communities. CLT: The housing crisis requires stronger partnerships between Salt Lake City and housing-related organizations. CLT: Special attention should be paid to those in our community who have been historically underserved. PLA: Residents are feeling the burdens of inflation and cost of living stress. PLA: Residents believe there are few resources and protections for tenants. Key Takeaways HOUSING BOOK CLUB Planning students at the University of Utah hosted a housing-related book club to generate discussion about Salt Lake City’s housing crisis. Participants read the book The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America by Richard Rothstein. After participants finished the book, they met at Salt Lake City’s Main Library to discuss their takeaways from the book and how the book applied to Salt Lake City’s past and present. Two residents participated in the book club. Salt Lake City should increase its housing stock and allow for more mixed-income communities to mitigate residential segregation. Salt Lake City could do more to raise awareness about historical inequities. Decision-makers should make high-opportunity areas more accessible to all residents. Key Takeaways: Lessons Learned: While the book club fomented positive and sincere discussion, future clubs will need to be advertised more widely/regularly to achieve a better turnout. A book club may be too time-intensive for many Salt Lakers, but it may still be a valuable way to deeply educate and engage the public on difficult topics. It may be more beneficial to partner with a local bookstore or other small business or organization in the future. APPENDIX Housing SLC Engagement Report 38Salt L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s WESTSIDE TESOROS Planning students from the University of Utah partnered with NeighborWorks Salt Lake to create a treasure map of the Westside – a map of Westside gems deserving of recognition and protection. Students placed a six-by-eight foot map at Mestizo Coffeehouse that residents could use to pinpoint their most cherished Westside locations. In addition to placing a pin, participants were in invited to share why picked each location. View the map here. Participants highlighted centers for learning and gathering, including local schools and libraries as well as the murals at Fleet Block. Residents foregrounded local businesses where diverse cultures are celebrated, including Mexican, Chinese, and Vietnamese restaurants, and grocers specializing in Latin American products. Participants noted green space as a priority for protection, including pocket parks and the International Peace Gardens. Residents expressed a desire to see the community’s legacy protected, including the birthplace of one of just thirty female State Senators in Utah's history, now Nellie Jack Park, and the natural springs at Warm Springs Park, which were used by indigenous people prior to the arrival of Mormon settlers Key Takeaways: PHOTOVOICE PROJECT IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE ROADHOME Three individuals shared their experiences with homelessness through photography and caption writing, using a method known as photovoice. Showcasing the struggles and triumphs of participants' everyday lives, the final product is entitled "Hey SLC, Can You See Us Now?" View the work here. S a l t L a k e C i t y D e p a r t m e n t o f C o m m u n i t y a n d N e i g h b o r h o o d s Appendix 2 Housing Needs Analysis 2022 Salt Lake City Housing Needs Analysis Salt Lake City Housing Stability Division January 6, 2023 Housing Needs Analysis 1 Content Analysis in Brief………………………………2 Demographics………………………………….3 Household Characteristics……………9 Economic Characteristics……………..13 Housing Stock………………………………….15 Housing Costs……………….………………….18 Housing Gap………………………………………23 Housing Needs Analysis 2 Housing Needs Analysis 1 Analysis in Brief • Salt Lake City is short over 5,500 units for renter households earning less than 30% AMI but has a surplus of units affordable to those earning between 30% and 80% AMI. • Salt Lake City is projected to gain over 6,000 residents in the next five years. With an average household size just over two individuals, roughly 3,000 new units will be needed to accommodate this growth. • Salt Lake City has more nonfamily households than family households – 57% in 2021. Salt lake City’s growth has primarily come from adult in-migration, rather than natural growth (births). • Salt Lake City is a Millennial destination and has the lowest median age among peer cities in the region (33 years old). Nearly one-third (31%) of Salt Lake City’s population is post-college aged Millennials (ages 25-39)—higher than all regional peer cities but Denver. • Salt Lake City’s decennial growth rate of 7% is lower than the State (18%) and County (15%) rates; however, the growth rate is accelerating while the State’s growth rate is decelerating, and the County’s has stagnated. As other areas around the Wasatch Front are built-out there will be pressure for urban infill in the metropolitan center. • Salt Lake City has a very high proportion of in-commuters: 83% of Salt Lake City jobs are held by in-commuters, the highest of among peer cities in the region. The proportion of jobs held by in-commuters has increased over the last two decades. The City’s in-commuting population will continue to grow if job growth exceeds housing development and affordability • Single family detached houses make up nearly half of all housing units in Salt Lake City. Mid- and high-rise apartments make up another 30% of units. Other housing types, often called the “missing middle,” make up roughly a quarter of the total housing stock. • 60% of Salt Lake City housing units are over 50 years old. An aging housing stock will require investment to ensure that units remain in a state of good repair. • As housing costs increase, more households are priced out of homes on the market. With median home sale prices at $490,000 (2021), 72.6% percent of all Salt Lake City households and 86.4% of renter households are unable to afford the median priced home. Housing Needs Analysis 3 Demographic s 2 Population In 2020, Salt Lake City’s population was 199,723 – up from 186,440 in 2010 and 181,743 in 2000. The population growth rate increased between 2010 and 2020 relative to the previous decade. However, the growth rate among minority groups slowed between 2010 and 2020 (Figure 1). While Salt Lake City’s growth rate is lower than that of the County and State, it increased over the previous decade (3% to 7%) whereas the County’s remained stable at 15% and the State-wide growth rate decreased from 24% to 18% (Figure 2). The areas in the City with the highest growth include the Hardware District, Downtown, Ballpark, and the Sugar House Business District (Figure 3). The Westside and Liberty Wells areas have become less racially and ethnically diverse while the remainder of the City has seen diversity increase (Figure 4). Figure 1: Majority and Minority Population Growth, Salt Lake City, UT, 2000-2020 Source: United States Census Bureau (USCB) 2000, 2010, & 2020 Decennial Census Figure 2: Population Growth Rate, Utah, Salt Lake County, UT, Salt Lake City, UT, 2000-2020 Source: USCB 2000, 2010, & 2020 Decennial Census 128,377 122,352 126,678 53,366 64,115 73,045 - 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 2000 2010 2020 White, not Hispanic or Latino Minority 23.8% 14.6% 2.6% 18.4% 15.1% 7.1% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% Utah Salt Lake County Salt Lake City 2000 to 2010 2010 to 2020 Housing Needs Analysis 4 Figure 3: Population Growth by Census Tract 2012-2016 to 2017-2021 5-year Estimates Source: USCB 2010 & 2020 Decennial Census Figure 4: Change in Percent Minority by Census Tract, 2010-2020 Source: USCB 2010 & 2020 Decennial Census Housing Needs Analysis 5 Population Projection Salt Lake City’s average annual population growth rate since 2005, when the American Community Survey first provided reliable intercensal annual estimates, is 0.60%. Using this average to project future growth, we can expect Salt Lake City will gain over 6,000 residents by 2027. With an average household size just over two individuals, 3,000 new housing units will be needed to accommodate these new residents. This projection does not factor in external pressure from surrounding areas that are experiencing greater growth. The average annual growth rate for Salt Lake County and Utah are 1.62% and 2.15% respectively. As surrounding municipalities along the Wasatch Front are built out, pressure to densify urban areas may lead to greater growth in Salt Lake City. Other factors not included in the projection include policies that encourage or discourage growth, push and pull factors that influence potential migrants' perception of Salt Lake City’s quality of life such as economic outlook and environmental conditions, and broader societal trends including a shift towards remote work and a renewed interest in urban living. Population growth is complex and will be influenced by the policies that the City adopts as well as unanticipated external factors beyond our ability to predict. Figure 5: Population and Projected Population, Salt Lake City, UT, 2000-2030 Source: USCB 2000 Decennial Census, American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year estimates, Analysis by author 2000 181,743 2005 182,670 2010 186,440 2015 192,660 2020 199,723 2025 205,306 2030 211,510 - 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 Population Projection Housing Needs Analysis 6 Age Unlike the State of Utah, which has one of the highest birth rates in the nation, Salt Lake City is experiencing little natural growth. A large cohort ages 20 to 39 years reflects the City’s character as a hub for students and young professionals (Figure 6). The Westside and the University of Utah and its surrounding neighborhoods are generally younger than the remainder of the City (Figure 9). Salt Lake City has a higher proportion of Millennials than the larger metro area, even when excluding college students. 31% of Salt Lake City’s population is post-college aged Millennials (ages 25-39)—higher than most regional peer cities but lower than Denver (33%) (Figure 7). The City also has a lower median age than peer cities in the region (Figure 8). Median age has increased over the last two decades from 30 in 2000 to 31 in 2010, and 33 in 2021. Figure 6: Population by Age Cohort, Salt Lake City, UT, Utah, 2020 Source: USCB 2020 Decennial Census Figure 7: % Millennial, 2021 Figure 8: Median Age, 2021 Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimate Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimate -8%-4%0%4%8% Under 5 years 5 to 9 years 10 to 14 years 15 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 49 years 50 to 54 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 to 69 years 70 to 74 years 75 to 79 years 80 to 84 years 85 years and over Salt Lake City -8%-4%0%4%8% Utah 33%31%29% 26%24% 24% 23% 22% 21% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%40 39 38 37 36 36 35 34 33 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Housing Needs Analysis 7 Figure 9: Median Age by Census Tract, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Figure 10: Percent Millennial (25-39 years old) by Census Tract, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Housing Needs Analysis 8 Figure 11: Percent Under 18 Years Old, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Figure 12: Percent Over 60 Years Old, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Housing Needs Analysis 9 Household Characteristics 3 Tenure As is typical in large metropolitan areas, households in the suburbs are more likely to own their home than households in the urban core. In 2021, 48% of Salt Lake City households were homeowners compared to 66% for Salt Lake County (Figure 13). The proportion of City households that are homeowners declined between 2000 and 2021, with the number of renter households first exceeding the number of homeowners in 2010 (Figure 13). Figure 13: Household Tenure, 2000-2021 Source: USCB 2000 Decennial Census, 2010 & 2021 ACS 1-year estimates Figure 14: Percent Renter Households, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates 36,579 34,903 42,681 34,823 38,421 47,158 - 20,000 40,000 60,000 2000 2010 2021 Salt Lake City Owner Occupied 203,690 229,445 276,964 91,451 109,486 143,339 - 100,000 200,000 300,000 2000 2010 2021 Salt Lake County Renter Occupied Housing Needs Analysis 10 Family Households As is typical in large metropolitan areas, households in the suburbs are more likely to be families than households in the urban core. In 2021, 43% of Salt Lake City households were families compared to 66% for Salt Lake County (Figure 15). The proportion of City households that are families declined between 2000 and 2021, with the number of nonfamily households first exceeding the number of family households in 2015 (Figure 15). Across the region, the percent of housing units that are 3 or more bedrooms correlates with the percent of households that are families. Salt Lake City has the smallest percentage of family households among peer cities in the region as well as the smallest percentage of housing units that are 3 or more bedrooms (Figure 16). In Salt Lake City, there are over 16,500 more units with three or more bedrooms than there are households with three or more individuals. Less than 3% of Salt Lake City housing units are over - crowded (more than one individual per room) (Figure 17) . Figure 15: Family and Nonfamily Households, 2000-2021 Source: USCB 2000 Decennial Census, 2010 & 2021 ACS 1-year estimate 39,830 38,646 38,994 31,631 34,678 50,845 - 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 2000 2010 2021 Salt Lake City Family 214,102 240,276 278,810 81,039 98,655 141,493 - 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 2000 2010 2021 Salt Lake County Nonfamily Housing Needs Analysis 11 Figure 16: Unit Size v. Household Size, Salt Lake City, 2021 Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimates Figure 17: Large Units and Family Households, 2021 Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimates 67% 61%61%60%54%52% 46%41%41% 67% 59%61%57%57%55% 48%47%43% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% % 3 or more bedrooms % Family Households 36,011 29,813 11,281 12,734 30,304 28,643 21,380 19,224 -10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 Studio & 1-BR units v. 1-person households 2-BR units v. 2-person households 3-BR units v. 3-person households 4-or-more-BR units v. 4-or-more-person household Units Households Housing Needs Analysis 12 Figure 18: Percent Family Households, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Figure 19: Percent of Units with 3 or More Bedrooms, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Housing Needs Analysis 13 Economic Characteristics 4 Commuters Salt Lake City has a very high proportion of in-commuters: 83% of Salt Lake City jobs are held by in- commuters, the highest of among peer cities in the region (Figure 20). The proportion of jobs held by in-commuters has increased over the last two decades (Figure 21). The City’s in-commuting population will continue to grow if job growth exceeds housing development in the city. For Salt Lake City residents who worked in 2021, one in four usually worked from home (Figure 22). Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, work from home was becoming more popular, increasing from 3% of all workers in 2010 to 6% in 2019 (Figure 23). This trend accelerated during the pandemic. Work from home, which requires residential units to serve as both home and office, will continue to reshape views on housing, commuting, and community amenities. Figure 20: In-Commuters, 2019 Figure 21: In-Commuters, Salt Lake City, UT Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimate Figure 22: Workers Who Usually Work from Home, 2021 Source: USCB ACS 1-year estimates Figure 23: Workers Who Usually Work from Home, Salt Lake City, 2010-2021 Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimate Source: USCB ACS 1-year estimates 83%73%68%64%58%58%52% 38% 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90% 2002 78.3% 2014 83.3% 2019 83.2% 74% 76% 78% 80% 82% 84% 86% 35%32% 26%24%24%20%19%13%13% 0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40% 3%4%6% 26% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 20 1 0 20 1 1 20 1 2 20 1 3 20 1 4 20 1 5 20 1 6 20 1 7 20 1 8 20 1 9 20 2 0 20 2 1 Housing Needs Analysis 14 Poverty Over 25,000 Salt Lake City residents, 13% of the total population, have incomes below the poverty line. Salt Lake City’s poverty rate is higher than Utah’s (9%) (Figure 24). Both the City and State have seen poverty rates drop in the last decade, declining from 23% and 14% respectively in 2011 (Figure 25). Poverty rates are not even across race and ethnic backgrounds. Black or African American and American Indian and Alaska Native populations have the highest poverty rates at 25% and 37% respectively (Figure 26). Figure 24: Individuals in Poverty, 2011-2021 Figure 25: Poverty Rate, 2011-2021 Source: USCB ACS 1-year estimates Source: USCB ACS 1-year estimates Figure 26: Poverty Rate by Race and Ethnicity Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates 42,336 30,355 25,362 374,859 306,902 281,673 - 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 2011 2016 2021 Salt Lake City Utah 23% 16% 13%14% 10% 9% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 2011 2016 2021 Salt Lake City Utah 19% 15% 24% 3% 16% 37% 25% 12% 0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40% Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race) Two or more races Some other race Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Asian American Indian and Alaska Native Black or African American White, not Hispanic or Latino Housing Needs Analysis 15 Figure 27: Poverty Rate by Census Tract, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Housing Stock 5 Unit Size The distribution of housing units by number of bedrooms did not change substantially in the last two decades (Figure 28). Nearly one-third of units have two bedrooms, roughly a quarter each have one bedroom or three bedrooms, and the remainder are either studio units or units with 5 or more bedrooms. Since 2000, the percentage increase in studio units (53%) and 5+ bedroom units (71%) outpaced the percentage growth of units of other sizes (1-BR, 35%; 2-BR, 15%; 3-BR, 29%; 4-BR, 27%). - 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 2000 2005 2010 2015 2021 Studio 1 bedroom 2 bedroom 3 bedroom 4 bedroom 5 or more bedroom Figure 28: Housing Units by Number of Bedrooms, Salt Lake City, UT, 2021 Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimates Housing Needs Analysis 16 Building Type Single family detached houses make up nearly half of all housing units in Salt Lake City. Mid- and high-rise apartments make up another 30% of units. Other housing types, often called the “missing middle,” make up roughly a quarter of the total housing stock (Figure 29). Units in mid- and high- rise apartments have seen the greatest increase in the last decade. Salt Lake City has the second lowest percentage of single family detached housing units among peer cities in the region. Figure 29: Housing Units by Building Type, 2021 Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimates, Analysis by author Figure 30: Percent of Units that are Single Family Detached Homes, Salt Lake City, UT 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates 66%64%63%63%62%54%54%47%43% 26%24%24%26%28%23% 32%24%24% 8%12%13%11%10% 23% 14% 29% 33% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% % Single Family, Detached % Middle Housing % Mid- to High-Rise Apartments Housing Needs Analysis 17 Aging Housing 60% of Salt Lake City housing units are over 50 years old (Figure 31). An aging housing stock will require investment to ensure that units remain in a state of good repair. Older units are a common reservoir of Naturally Occurring Affordable Housing (NOAH). If aging housing is demolished to make way for new development, these NOAH units could be lost. Figure 31: Housing Units by Decade Built, Salt Lake City, 2021 Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimates, Analysis by author Figure 32: Percent of Units in Structures Built Before 1970, Salt Lake City, UT 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates 28,443 29% 9,835 10% 10,763 11%9,369 9% 10,591 11%6,839 7%5,678 6% 6,196 6% 10,961 11% 876 1% - 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 Before 1940 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s Housing Needs Analysis 18 Housing Costs 6 Housing Costs Housing costs have outpaced wage increases over the last two decades. From 2005 to 2021, median rent increased by 38% and median home values by 83% (adjusted for inflation). During this same period, median annual earnings from wages increased by only 19%. Median household income increased by 29% during this period, greater than the increase in median earnings (Figure 33). Households that may have previously made-do with a single source of income may now include multiple wage earners. Figure 33: Percent Change in Income and Housing Costs, Salt Lake City, UT, 2005-2021 Source: USCB 2005, 2010, 2015, & 2021 ACS 1-year estimates, analysis by author Figure 34: Net Percent Change in Income & Housing Costs from 2005 Baseline, Salt Lake City, UT Source: USCB, 2005, 2010, 2015, & 2021 ACS 1 -year estimates, analysis by author -15% 23% 13% -3% 11% 20% 7%5% 24%21% -2% 53% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2021 Median Earnings, All industries Median Household Income Median Rent Median Home Value -15% 5% 19% -3% 8% 29% 7%12% 38% 21%20% 83% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2010 2015 2021Median Earnings, All industries Median Household Income Median Rent Median Home Value Housing Needs Analysis 19 Figure 35: Median Earnings, All Industries, Salt Lake City, UT, 2005-2021 Figure 36: Median Household Income, Salt Lake City, UT, 2005-2021 Figure 37: Median Rent, Salt Lake City, UT, 2005-2021 Figure 38: Median Home Value, Salt Lake City, UT, 2005-2021 Source Figures 35-38: USCB 2005, 2010, 2015, & 2021 ACS 1-year estimates $34,704 $29,604 $36,493 $37,879 $41,415 $- $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $51,856 $50,085 $55,763 $67,794 $66,658 $- $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $861 $919 $961 $1,125 $1,192 $- $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 $1,400 $251,026 $304,854 $300,079 $400,908 $459,800 $- $100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 Housing Needs Analysis 20 Figure 39: Median Household Income by Census Tract, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Figure 40: % Change in Median Household Income, Salt Lake City, UT, 2012-2016 to 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2012-2016 & 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Housing Needs Analysis 21 Figure 41: Median Rent by Census Tract, Salt Lake City, UT, 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Figure 42: % Change in Median Rent, Salt Lake City, UT, 2012-2016 to 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2012-2016 & 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Housing Needs Analysis 22 Figure 43: Median Home Value by Census Tract, Salt Lake City, UT, 2012-2016 to 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Figure 44: % Change in Median Home Value, Salt Lake City, UT, 2012-2016 to 2017-2021 Source: USCB 2012-2016 & 2017-2021 ACS 5-year estimates Housing Needs Analysis 23 Housing Gap 7 Unit Gap by Income Salt Lake City has a deficit of over 5,500 units that are affordable to extremely low-income households (those earning less than 30% of the Area Median Income [AMI]). 70% of rental units in the City are rented at rates affordable to households earning between 30% and 80% AMI, generating a surplus of 14,000 units. There is a shortage of 8,500 units priced for those earning more than 80% AMI (Figures 45 and 46). Low-income renters must compete for affordable units with moderate- and high-income renters who may have difficulty finding a high-value unit. Figure 45: Surplus/Deficit of Rental Units by Income Range, Salt Lake City, UT, 2021 Figure 46: Salt Lake City: Rental Affordability Gap Analysis, 2021 Income Range Maximum Affordable Monthly Rent Households in Income Range Rental Units at that Price Surplus/ Deficit of Units Less than 30% AMI ($27,870) $697 13,860 8,353 -5,507 30%-50% AMI ($27,870-$46,450) $1,161 8,803 18,128 9,325 50%-80% AMI ($46,450-$74,320) $1,858 10,338 15,078 4,739 80%-100% AMI ($74,320-$92,900) $2,323 4,755 3,637 -1,119 100%-125% AMI ($92,900-$116,125) $2,903 3,318 1,372 -1,946 125% AMI (> $116,125) > $ 2,903 6,084 591 -5,493 Source: USCB 2021 ACS 1-year estimates, HUD 2021 Annual Income Limits for Salt Lake City, UT MSA, Analysis by author -5,507 9,325 4,739 -1,119 -1,946 -5,493 -15,000 -10,000 -5,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 % Median Family Income ($92,900) Unit Gap Margin of Error at 90% Confidence Housing Needs Analysis 24 Cost Burden Low-income renter households are much more likely to be cost burdened (spending more than 30% of their income on housing costs) than moderate- and high-income renters. In 2021, 23,597 renter households – half off all renters in the City – were cost burdened (Figure 47). Cost burden has been on the rise since 2017 (Figure 47). Data published by HUD based on 2015-2019 ACS 1-year estimates suggests that half of all cost burdened renters have extremely low incomes (Figure 48). Figure 47: Cost Burdened Renter Households, Salt Lake City, UT, 2005-2021 Source: USCB ACS 1-year estimates, Note: 1-year estimates were not published in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic Figure 48: Households by Income by Cost Burden, Salt Lake City, UT, 2015-2019 Source: HUD Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), 2015-2019 5-year estimates 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% - 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2021 Cost Burdened Renter Household Percent Cost Burdened Renter Households 6,645 1,430 290 8,365 1,600 4,110 2,065 400 170 8,345 1,900 2,145 6,070 4,235 9,020 23,370 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% Extremely Low Income Very Low Income Low Income Moderate Income Above Moderate Income Total Severely Cost Burdened Cost Burdened Unburdened Housing Needs Analysis 25 Figure 49: Units by Income of Occupant by Price, Salt Lake City, UT, 2015-2019 Source: HUD Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), 2015-2019 5-year estimates Homeownership Attainability As housing costs increase, more households are priced out of homes on the market. With median home sale prices at $490,000 (2021), 72.6% percent of all Salt Lake City households and 86.4% of renter households are unable to affordable the median priced home (Figures 49 and 50). Figure 50: Homeownership Attainability for Households, Salt Lake City, UT, 2021 Source: USCB ACS 2021 1-year data, Redfin Brokerage, FRED St. Louis, analysis by author assumes 30-year fixed mortgage with PMI and property taxes 700 8634 5750 5584 2379 3590 25937 1020 3660 3659 6015 4190 8640 26164 520 1760 1505 2885 2204 18815 27169 0%20%40%60%80%100% Vacant Extremely Low Income Very Low Income Low Income Moderate Income Above Moderate Income Total Unit Price Affordable to Households with Incomes: Oc c u p a n t I n c o m e Less than 50% AMI 50%-80% AMI 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Sh a r e o f A l l H o u s e h o l d s Home Sale Price Can Afford 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Sh a r e o f R e n t e r H o u s e h o l d s Home Sale Price Can Afford Priced Out